Focus 10/14 The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain. Political, social, economic, and geographic factors allowed Great Britain to industrialize. Some, like Thomas Malthus, believed the better living conditions would create a global problem. Point for Discussion: What problems could be caused by industrialization? Critical Lens: Industrialization could cause over population. Term to Know: Causation

The Industrial Revolution Spreads

Industrialization Starts in Great Britain Favorable geography Island location Irregular Coastline Rivers Natural Resources

Industrialization Starts in Great Britain Agrarian Revolution (improvements in farming) cause out of work farmers to move to the city. (urbanization)

Industrial Revolution Spreads Other nations industrialized slower due to lack of natural resources or capital to invest in industry.

Industrial Revolution Spreads Like Britain, industrialized nations saw rapid urbanization

Focus 11/1 The Commercial Revolution encouraged to the development of more advanced financial institutions. This led to the rise of free market economies where consumers and producers decide what gets produced. Points for Discussion: How do consumers and producers determine what gets produced?

Industrial Revolution Spreads Two countries that followed Britain into industrial leadership were Germany and the United States

Industrial Revolution Spreads Marriage of science and industry spurred economic growth + = Growth

Industrial Growth Assembly line made production faster and cheaper

Industrial Growth 1856 – British engineer Henry Bessemer develops process to develop steel

Industrial Growth German engineer, Nikolaus Otto develops gasoline powered engine Gottlieb Daimler uses Otto’s engine to power first automobile in 1887

Industrial Growth Corporations – business owned by many investors who buy shares of stock

Industrial Growth Corporations would form cartels to fix prices, set production quotas, and divide markets

Closure Explain why some countries were slower to industrialize than Britain. Explain why corporations tend to have a dual image of both good and bad.