5 Minute Check 12/05/16 Four students were having a debate about which organism in a desert ecosystem is the most important.  Max said, “I think the hawk is the most important organism in the ecosystem because it can eat the most organisms.”   Dianna said, “I think the kangaroo rat is the most important organism in the ecosystem because many organisms eat it.” Carlos said, “I think the desert plants are the most important organism because they start each food chain.” Yesinia said, “I think the desert fox is the most important organisms in the ecosystem because nothing eats the adults.” Who do you agree with most? Explain your answer . Today’s Standard: MS-LS2-3 - Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Word Wall Words We are adding a new word to our word wall Energy Pyramid Producers Consumers Decomposers Food Web

Unit 4 Date Assignment title Page # 11/7/16 Where do trees get their mass from? 1 11/9/16 Article: Photosynthesis 2 11/10/16 What happens during photosynthesis? 3 11/16/16 Marshmallow Activity 4 11/17/16 Let’s compare photosynthesis and respiration 5 11/28/16 Cellular Respiration 6 11/29/16 Energy 7 11/30/16 Food Label Worksheet 8 12/2/16 Food Chains 9 12/5/16 Producer, Consumer, Decomposer 10

An organism is ….. Any independent living thing Can be as small as a single celled bacteria Or as large as a whale!

The 3 categories of the food chain are: Producers Consumers Decomposers They are all dependent on each other.

Producers Are- Producers get their food and energy from the sun. (PLANTS) They make their food through a process called photosynthesis.

Consumers Consumers need to eat their food to get energy. (ANIMALS)

Types of consumers are There are THREE types of Consumers Carnivores Herbivores Omnivores. Its still all about what you eat!

Carnivores only eat meat (other animals)

Herbivores eat only plants.

Omnivores eat both meat (animals) and plants.

Decomposers Decomposers eat dead things and turn them back into dirt, or soil. YUK! Examples: Mushrooms Worms Bugs

Foldable

Step 1: Cut out pyramid on dotted line

Step 2: Glue cut out pyramid down ONLY where it says to glue

It should look like this after glued down

Step 3: Fill in notes

Final Product

Closing What does our energy pyramid show us?

5 Minute Check 12/06/16 What do you think the difference is between a food web and a food chain? Is there a bottom of the food chain?  If there is what does it mean? Why do you think we use a pyramid to show energy flow of a food chain? Today’s Standard: MS-LS2-3 - Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Taking Care of business Today we are going to finish our energy pyramids

Unit 4 Date Assignment title Page # 11/7/16 Where do trees get their mass from? 1 11/9/16 Article: Photosynthesis 2 11/10/16 What happens during photosynthesis? 3 11/16/16 Marshmallow Activity 4 11/17/16 Let’s compare photosynthesis and respiration 5 11/28/16 Cellular Respiration 6 11/29/16 Energy 7 11/30/16 Food Label Worksheet 8 12/2/16 Food Chains 9 12/5/16 Producer, Consumer, Decomposer 10 12/6/16 Energy Transfer through an ecosystem Packet 11

Let’s review a Food Chain A food chain is a simplified way to look at the energy that passes from producers to consumers.

Types of Food Chains Aquatic- Water-related food chains with sea plants and animals Terrestrial- Land-related food chains with land plants and animals

Predator & Prey Predator- An animal that captures and eats other animals Prey- The animal that is captured and eaten

When looking at food chains, a way to display data is with a pyramid There are two types of pyramids Energy Pyramid Biomass Pyramid

Energy Pyramid An energy pyramid shows the amount of energy that moves from one trophic level to another in a food chain.

The most energy is at the producer level – the base of the pyramid.

The Energy Pyramid

Who needs the most energy to survive?

Biomass Pyramid A biomass pyramid shows the mass (weight) of all the living organisms within that trophic level

Food Chain and Food Web Food Chains Compilation: Crash Course Kids (15 min video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZhE2p46vJk OR Fabulous Food Chains: Crash Course Kids #7.1 (3 min video) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuKs9o1s8h8

Closing What does our energy pyramid show us?

5 Minute Check 12/07/16  What is the difference between a predator and prey? What is the difference between an aquatic food chain and a terrestrial food chain? What is an ecosystem? Today’s Standard: MS-LS2-3 - Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

What’s the difference or relationship? Food chain vs. Food web What’s the difference or relationship?

Food chain vs. Food web Before we can answer that we need to first understand what an ecosystem is. An ecosystem is made up of all the living and nonliving things in an environment.

What is a Food Web? A more realistic way of looking at the relationship of plants and animals in an environment Several food chains linked together A predator from one food chain may be linked to the prey of another food chain

Food Webs How many food chains can you make from this food web? Write 2 different chains in your notes

Food Web Food webs describe the organisms found in interconnecting food chains using pictures or words and arrows. In other words, food webs are a bunch of food chains all together! They describe the complex patterns of energy flow in an ecosystem by modeling who consumes whom or what.

Let’s follow a few food chains found in this food web.

Because they have different organisms living in them. Depending on the ecosystem, the food webs are going to look very different. Why? Because they have different organisms living in them.

Let’s make a food chain from this ecosystem

Let’s make a food chain from this ecosystem

Let’s make a food chain from this ecosystem An aquatic food Web Let’s make a food chain from this ecosystem

Background Information: A food web is a model that shows how energy is passed in the form of food from one organism to another. The arrows between the organisms show the direction of the energy flow. They point from what is being eaten to what is eating it. In this model, you can think of the energy as moving in the direction the arrow points. Energy transfer in an ecosystem begins with the producers (plants) that convert energy from the sun into simple sugars through photosynthesis. The transfer of energy from producers to consumers can be modeled as a food chain. A food chain is one component within a food web. One of the food chains within the desert ecosystem food web is below: Prickly Pear Cactus ­ Kangaroo Rat  Snake  Hawk Use the desert ecosystem food web and write three additional food chains from the food web.

Food Chain Song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iWfEn8J5 xKM

Pre Read the article

Closing How are food webs and food chains related to each other?

5 Minute Check 12/08/16 What is a food web? How are a food chain and food web related to each other? Make a food chain for this ecosystem. Today’s Standard: MS-LS2-3 - Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Read the article Answer these questions at the end of the article Would a producer be considered an autotroph or a heterotroph, why? Would a consumer be considered an autotroph or a heterotroph, why? Why is an apex predator towards the top of the food chain? Why is there more biomass at the bottom of the pyramid then at the top of the pyramid? In the article it states, “it takes much more biomass to support a tiger population than a colony of ants”, why is this true? Can a food web ever be out of balance? Explain. What are the dangers of bioaccumulation?

5 Minute Check 12/09/16 How are matter and energy conserved in an ecosystem? What is the difference between an energy pyramid and a biomass pyramid? What happens to energy as we move up the pyramid? Today’s Standard: MS-LS2-3 - Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

Tracking Loss of Energy We have been discussing how as we move up the pyramid there is a loss of energy with each level we travel up. Today we are going to do an activity to see that loss.

Tracking Loss of Energy Procedure: Assign each student a job within the food chain. Each food chain needs a person to pour the water into the initial cup Each food chain needs a person to be the producer of the food chain, they start with a filled cup of water with no hole Each food chain needs a different amount of students to represent the consumers (cups with holes) Each food chain needs two students to take final measurement and record data for that food chain

Tracking Loss of Energy Procedure: Each chain of students needs to stand at an arm’s length apart. Job A will fill up Job B’s cup to the very top to start the trial, and the water will then be transported down the energy pathway to eventually be poured into the beaker. At the end of 3 runs Job D’s responsibility is to look at the final beaker and record the data. Each chain will repeat this process 3 times.

Efficiency of energy transfer Results   Food Chain 1 2 3 4 Trial 1 Start Volume End Volume Efficiency of energy transfer Trial 2 Trial 3 Average Efficiency