Variation and Inheritance WILF: To learn how characteristics can vary. with…

The Mr Men Match. With Mr Hemming

Meet our Mr Men And our Little Misses Now lets meet their children!

Who do you think are his parents? Write the answers in your book.

Who do you think are her parents? Write the answers in your book.

Who do you think are his parents? Write the answers in your book.

Who do you think are his parents? Write the answers in your book.

Who do you think are her parents? Write the answers in your book.

Who do you think are her parents? Write the answers in your book.

What did we learn from this? Children inherit features from their parents If two parents have a certain characteristic then their child may show it even more (e.g. Mr Small + Little Miss Tiny = Mr Very Small!) Some things such as glasses, scars and muscles we get from our environment, they are not inherited.

Genetic information The instructions that make up a plant or animal comes from their parents. ½ comes from the sperm and ½ from the egg These instructions are found in the nucleus of the cells. The instructions for each characteristic are called GENES.

We saw that when Mr Small and Little Miss Tiny produced a child it was even smaller. What would happen if Mr Very Small had a child with Little Miss Miniscule??

We look like our parents because we inherit genes (DNA) from our parents. We have an equal chance of inheriting genes from our mother and our father. This combination makes us unique. The environment also effects our features and leads to differences = variation

- Tongue rolling - Hair on fingers Even though we have many similar features we are all genetically unique ( except identical twins)

Colour of birds feathers TASK: Discuss with your partner and make a list of genetic /environmental differences or both? Normal hair colour Eye colour Weight Good at maths Height Ability to sing Ability to draw Hand size Nose shape Foot size Skin colour Mouth shape Tongue rolling Blood type Language you talk Cut on hand Personality Length of hair Missing tooth Freckles Colour of birds feathers Your name Your sex Inherited diseases Can you think of anymore?

Human Karyotype 23 pairs of chromosomes

All your cells have got the same genes and they are in the nucleus. Each parent has two sets of genes … 3.2a Making a baby Genes influence our appearance by controlling what our cells make and how they behave All your cells have got the same genes and they are in the nucleus. Genes control every characteristic we have 18

... but each set of genes is split into 23 groups. 3.2a Making a baby Toss a coin to see which group of genes your baby inherits from each parent. heads = dark set, tails = light set Pink= Heads 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 X Red= tails X Dark Blue= heads X Light Blue= tails Y Eg. For gene group 1 From mum = coin toss was tails so inherited light pink set From dad = coin toss was heads so inherited dark blue set From mum From Dad 19

We can make larger animals and crops that produce more fruit. This is called selective breeding. Large fruited Mum Large fruited Dad Very large fruited child! At this point give out picture of the giant bull.

Lets see what you’ve learned: Farmer Hemming wants to breed cows that are large and meaty so that he can sell them for more. What advice would you give him in order to produce larger cows? 2. He can’t seem to breed cows with nose rings! Why not? 3. How many chromosomes are in your cells?