Thirty Years’ War ( ) Deadliest European religious war …

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Presentation transcript:

Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) Deadliest European religious war … Devolves into political war … Hapsburg family vs. France

Peace of Augsburg (1555) Peace settlement between Charles V & German Lutheran princes. Rulers can choose Catholicism or Lutheranism.

Ferdinand II (1619-1637) King of Bohemia and Hungary, “Holy Roman Emperor” Violates “Peace of Augsburg” & the “Letter of Majesty.” Wants to force Catholicism on subjects.

Defenestration (1618) Literally means “thrown out a window.” Two Catholic representatives were “defenestrated” in Prague.

Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) First stage of war – Battle of White Mountain & atrocities in Bohemia. Second stage of war – One Side … Sweden (leadership of Gustavus Adolphus) Protestant League France (Catholic) Dutch Republic Denmark (1625-1629) Vs. Second stage of war One Side … Holy Roman Empire Spain * Catholic League Poland * Austria Denmark (1643-45)

Catholic League Protestant League

Peace of Westphalia (1648) Significant!!!!! Ends … Establishes … (1) Recognize Peace of Augsburg (1555) Calvinism now recognized (2) Minority Christian groups may practice religion (3) Sovereignty within boundaries

- The “Sick Man of Europe” - Balance of Power - Crisis in the Balkans Situation in Europe, 1900

The Enlightenment Turn to pages 176 – 183 & take notes Thomas Hobbes & “Social Contract” … John Locke & “Natural Laws” … Montesquieu … Voltaire … Rousseau … Adam Smith …