Making Connections: What economic system was prevalent during the time of European Imperialism?

Mercantilism: An economy controlled by a mother country that generated huge profits.

How Did The British East India Company (BEIC) Gain Power? 1. The British were able to conquer India by exploiting its differences in culture, traditions, and language 2. Used a divide & conquer strategy; turned Hindus, Muslims & Fr. against each other 3. GB superior military technology Controlled 3/5ths of India’s economy Battle of Plassey: British defeat the French and gain total control of India.

B.E.I.C. Benefits: Although their main goal was to make money, they did Improved roads and built railroads and telegraph lines Worked to end slavery & the caste system Improved the position of women in the family Banned Sati: Hindu custom where widow would join husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral fire

Caste System Ended

Why Did the British East India Co. Grow Unpopular In India? Required Sepoys (Indian soldiers) to serve in the British Army Sepoys could be forced to serve in India or anywhere in the British Empire (instead of within marching distance of home)

GB issued new rifles to Sepoys 1857 GB issued new rifles to Sepoys Troops were taught to open cartridges with their teeth before loading them into the rifles. (Bite the bullet) Indian Sepoys learned the cartridges were greased with animal fat from: Cows: Hindus considered sacred Pigs: Muslims forbidden to eat (unclean) Refuse to load the guns? = Imprisoned and executed

Sepoy Mutiny / Rebellion Angry Sepoys rebelled against GB officers, sparking a massacre of British troops, as well as women and children.

Mangal Pandey: The Rising Mangal Pandey: The Rising is an Indian movie based on the life of Mangal Pandey, an Indian soldier whose actions helped spark the Indian rebellion of 1857. The rebellion is also known as "The First War of Indian Independence", "The Sepoy Mutiny" or "The Sepoy Rebellion". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLE542NoWC8 5 minutes in duration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yXKbd5IDzU 9 minutes in duration 1:18:36

Guiding Questions What is the primary cause of the Sepoy Mutiny?  Based upon the clip, why is Mangal Pandey regarded as an Indian hero? Make a list of his heroic actions.  At the end of the clip, William Gordon, his commanding officer, argues why Mangal Pandey should not receive the death penalty. What are his strongest arguments?  How did the British respond to the rebellion?

How did the British respond? British crushed the revolt - torching villages and slaughtering thousands of Indians

1858 BEIC out British Crown in BEIC abolished and GB assumes direct control of India through viceroys (person appointed by the GB King to rule a colony for the king)

Effects of British Imperialism Positive Negative Brought peace and order to countryside Revised legal system to promote justice for Indians regardless of class Set up schools Built railroads Telegraph and postal system helped to set up a communication system. Introduced Medical advancements Farmland was turned over to grow cash crops leading to famine. Clearing the new farm lands led to massive deforestation. Exploited natural resources Exploited Indians Loss of traditional Indian society. Discontent among British and Indians. Mercantilism Loss of self – sufficiency Assimilation: the British tried to force Indian population to adopt their culture

QUESTION #1 a. socialism b. isolationism c. imperialism d. monotheism In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into colonies, and controlled their economies. Which term refers to the situation described in this statement?  a. socialism  b. isolationism  c. imperialism  d. monotheism

QUESTION #2 In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into colonies, and controlled their economies.This statement describes a situation that resulted from the a. industrialization of Europe and the need for raw materials  b. desire of Europeans to spread communism throughout the world  c. European belief in human rights for all people  d. requests of developing nations for modern machines and technology

QUESTION #3 The 19th century term “White Man’s Burden” reflects the idea that:  (a) Asians and Africans were equal to Europeans  (b) Asians and Africans would be grateful for European help  (c) imperialism was opposed by most Europeans  (d) Europeans had a responsibility to improve the lives of the colonial peoples

QUESTION #4 During the 18th and 19th centuries, increased contact between European and the continents of Africa, Asia, and South America resulted in  a. closer cultural cooperation between Europe and these continents  b. the exploitation of the labor and resources of these continents  c. a return to the political and economic systems of feudal Europe  d. preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples

QUESTION #5 Which statement best expresses the motive for 19th-century European imperialism?  a. Living space was needed for the excess population in western Europe.  b. European leaders believed imperialism was an effective method of reducing the number of wars.  c. European nations would benefit from some aspects of the conquered nation’s culture.  d. Imperialism would benefit the economies of the colonial powers.

QUESTION #6 Which is an accurate statement about the partitioning of Africa by European imperialist nations during the 1800’s?  (a) new nations were based on old tribal boundaries  (b) the cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people was disregarded  (c) the continent was divided equally among the colonial powers  (d) African unity was encouraged

QUESTION #7 Take up the White Man’s burden— Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives’ need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. --Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden” The phrase “White Man’s burden” in this excerpt refers to the  (a) negative attitude of Europeans toward peoples of the non-Western world  (b) advantages Europeans would gain by colonizing Africa, Asia, and Latin America  (c) positive role of the Roman Catholic Church in Africa and Asia  (d) challenges non-Europeans faced when trading with the Europeans

QUESTION #8 An analysis of the Russo-Japanese War and the Boer War shows that one reason nations go to war is to  (a) assist oppressed people  (b) spread religious beliefs  (c) satisfy imperialist goals (d) honor provisions of a treaty