America Becomes a Colonial Power.

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Presentation transcript:

America Becomes a Colonial Power

I. American Expansionism Causes What is imperialism? When stronger nations extend their control over weaker nations.

B. Why? 1. Global Competition European powers had been establishing colonies for centuries. Where? Africa Asia Americas

American Missionaries in China, 1905 Religious/Missionary Interests American Missionaries in China, 1905

2. Desire for Military Strength Admiral Alfred T. Mahan (1840-1914) argued that in order to compete internationally the US must become a naval power

Military/Strategic Interests Alfred T. Mahan (1890) The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

3. Thirst for New Markets By 1890, American farmers and factories were producing more products than Americans could consume.

Commercial/Business Interests U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908

Commercial/Business Interests American Foreign Trade: 1870-1914

4. Belief in Cultural Superiority http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=6882037n&tag=mncol;lst;1 Many Americans believed in Social Darwinism. Belief in “superior” and “inferior” races.

Social Darwinist Thinking The White Man’s Burden The Hierarchy of Race

II. Early American Expansion Alaska In 1867, William Seward bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. Criticized by US public. In 1959, Alaska became a state.

“Seward’s Folly”: 1867 $7.2 million

“Seward’s Icebox”: 1867

B. Hawaii 1. Since the 1790s, US merchants had stopped there on their way to Asia. 2. Their descendants started sugar plantations.

U. S. Missionaries in Hawaii Imiola Church – first built in the late 1820s

3. In 1887, the US built a naval base at Pearl Harbor. 4. In 1898, Congress proclaimed Hawaii an American territory. 5. In 1959, Hawaii became the 50th state.

U. S. View of Hawaiians Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849 by virtue of economic treaties.

Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii for the Hawaiians!

U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii 1875 – Reciprocity Treaty 1890 – McKinley Tariff 1893 – American businessmen backed an uprising against Queen Liliuokalani. Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims the Republic of Hawaii in 1894.

To The Victor Belongs the Spoils Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898