Alan Brinkley, American History 15/e Chapter 19: From Crisis to Empire Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Stirrings of Imperialism Manifest Destiny-Americans right to expand westward to civilize the natives and land and bring about democracy. -The New Manifest Destiny Increasing Importance of Trade-left out of global trade if did not act. Intellectual Justifications for Imperialism-nations and races struggled for domination and the fittest survive. Laws of nature. Alfred Thayer Mahan-argued that naval power lead to global political power. Advocated build up of navy and establishment of bases in the Caribbean, and takoverof Hawaii and other Pacific islands. By 1900 US had world’s third largest navy. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

American Empire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fD7ew69wiI Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Stirrings of Imperialism IMPERIALISM AT HIGH TIDE: 1900 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Stirrings of Imperialism IMPERIALISM AT HIGH TIDE: 1900 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Background to American Imperialism Background to American Imperialism: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/age-of-empire/v/the-age-of-empire Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Stirrings of Imperialism Hawaii and Samoa Self-Sufficient Societies Queen Liliuokalani-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpsmUCtsd2o Acquisition of Samoa Hawaiian sugarcane plantation (Hawaii State Archives) Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

War with Spain Controversy over Cuba-yellow journalism Cuban Revolt The Maine https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JYFJU3ZJLM “A Splendid Little War” Supply and Mobilization Problems -Only 460 soldiers died in battle. 5,200 died of disease,malaria, dysentery, and typhoid - racial tensions. Seizing the Philippines-May 1, 1898 Commodore George Dewey seized Manila Bay with barely a shot fired. Spain surrendered. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

War with Spain The Battle for Cuba Puerto Rico and the United States The Rough Riders Puerto Rico and the United States Annexation of Puerto Rico-Foraker Act-made PR a US territory-still today. Sugar Economy Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR IN CUBA, 1898 War with Spain THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR IN CUBA, 1898 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

War with Spain The Debate over the Philippines The Philippines Question Options: 1. Make a colony. 2. Give independence. 3. Make an American state Anti-Imperialist League Election of 1900 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Your Group’s Task Step 1: Presenting the Views from the Documents Each group member, pretending to be the person who wrote their assigned document, should present that person's view on annexation to the rest of the group.  The recorder should make note of pro and con arguments on the chart. Step 2: Debate When everyone has presented his or her view, you should continue discussing and debating the question of U.S. annexation.  You should use the documents and their authors as the basis for the debate; they should strive to STAY IN CHARACTER. Step 3: Reaching a Consensus By the end of the debate, group members should try to reach a consensus--a compromise on which everyone can agree--about what position the U.S. should take on the question of annexing the Philippines.  Participants should refer to their answers from Step 2.   Step 4: Report to the Class Members of each group should share with their classmates what kind of consensus they reached.  If the group was unable to reach a consensus, they should explain why not.   Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

The Republic as Empire Governing the Colonies Platt Amendment-Came about because Cuba refused to include mention of US in its new constitution. US Congress responded with the amendment in 1901. It barred Cuba from making treaties with other nations; gave the US the right to intervene in Cuba to preserve independence, life, and property; required Cuba to permit American naval stations on its territory. Hence Guantanamo today! American Economic Dominance The Philippine War-America’s least mentioned war. One of its longest-14 years. One of the most vicious. 4300 American deaths, around 50,000 Philippine deaths. Brutal guerilla tactics similar to pattern by Spanish Gen. Weyler in Cuba. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyILSMpHPWU Emilio Aguinaldo Growing Economic Dependence Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

THE AMERICAN SOUTH PACIFIC EMPIRE, 1900 The Republic as Empire THE AMERICAN SOUTH PACIFIC EMPIRE, 1900 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Filipino prisoners (Library of Congress) The Republic as Empire Filipino prisoners (Library of Congress) Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Spheres of Influence in China Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

The Republic as Empire The Open Door A Modern Military System Hay’s “Open Door Notes” Boxer Rebellion A Modern Military System What was learned? Root’s Military Reforms-Elihu Root Sec. of War Determined that if America had fought a more capable foe it would have lost. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.