WMO Basic systems in Hydrology Innovation is the new tradition Dominique Berod

National hydrometry networks Hydrometry networks are Essential BUT insufficiently developed

The World Hydrological Cycle Observing System (WHYCOS) Artic-Hycos 2014- ongoing Aral – Hycos 2006– on going Med-Hycos 1997-2001 HKH-Hycos 2009-on going Carib-HYCOS 2007 – on going Niger-Hycos 2005 – on going Senegal-Hycos 2007-on going Mekong-Hycos 2006-2012 AOC-HYCOS 2000-2002 IGAD – Hycos 2011 – on going Volta-Hycos 2006 – on going Pacific-HYCOS 2006 – on going Congo-Hycos 2010-on going SADC-HYCOS Phase II 2005-2009 SADC-HYCOS Phase I 1998-2001 Med- Hycos: 1997 – 2001 Eighteen countries from the Mediterranean rim participated in the project implementation (1997-2001) (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Macedonia (FYR), Morocco, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey) SADC-HYCOS Phase I June 1998 to August 2001. Eleven countries from the Southern African Development Community (Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) participated in the project. AOC-HYCOS 2000 – 2002 covering twenty-two countries of Western and Central Africa, Between 2000 and 2002 WMO implemented a Pilot Phase in cooperation with eleven countries from the region (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal) Niger-Hycos (2005-on going)The active watershed of the Niger River is shared between nine West and Central African countries, namely Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Niger and Nigeria. The inactive basin essentially concerns Algeria, Mali and Niger. Volta-Hycos (2006 – on going) Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Mali, Togo Mekong-Hycos 2006-2012, he objective of Mekong-HYCOS is to establish and operate a real-time flood information system in the Mekong basin with Cambodia, Lao, Thailand and Vietnam as participating countries. Pacific-HYCOS 2006 participating countries were Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji Islands, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu Aral – Hycos 2006 -now :Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan SADC-HYCOS Phase II 2005-2009 Carib-HYCOS 2007- eight countries concerned (Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Hait, Jamaica, Martinique, Trinidad and Tobago) Senegal-HYCOS 2007 – on going: la Guinée, le Mali, la Mauritanie et le Sénégal Hindu Kush Himalaya-HYCOS (HKH) 2009 – on going Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan Congo-Hycos 2010 – on going: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo, IGAD-Hycos : 2011 – on going : Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda Artic-Hycos: 2014 – on going Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russian Federation, Sweden and United States of America

Global FFGS Flash Flood Guidance System and Snow Products

Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) The WMO Commission for Hydrology (CHy) jointly with the WMO Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) and in collaboration with the US National Weather Service, Hydrologic Research Center (HRC), and USAID/OFDA have developed the concept of the Flash Flood Guidance System (FFGS) with global coverage. The concept has been endorsed by the Fifteenth WMO Congress and is being implemented through a series of regional projects with funding from USAID. Flash Flood Guidance System with global coverage (Resolution 21, World Meteorological Congress-XV) enhances early warning capabilities of the NMHSs, currently covers fifty two (52) countries and more than two billion people around the world saving lives and decreasing economic losses.

FFGS Regional Projects The following regional Flash Flood Guidance (FFGS) projects are implemented or under implementation: (Blue: cryosphere role) Central America FFG (CAFFG) (Operacional): Costa Rica (Regional Centre (RC)), Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama; Southern Africa Region FFG (SARFFG): (Operational) Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa (RC), Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe; Mekong River Commission FFG (MRCFFG) (Operational): Cambodia (RC), Lao People's Democratic Republic, Thailand, and Viet Nam; Black Sea and Middle East FFG (BSMEFFG) (Operational): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey (RC); South East Europe FFG (SEEFFG) (under implementation): Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and Turkey (RC); Global Flash Flood Guidance System

GFFGS Regional Projects (cont.) South Asia FFG (SAsiaFFG) (under implementation): Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (RC), Nepal, Pakistan (RC), and Sri Lanka; Central Asia Region FFG (CARFFG) (under implementation): Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan; South America Pilot FFG (under implementation): Zarumilla River Basin (Peru and Ecuador); Haiti-Dominican Republic FFG (HDRFFG) (being upgraded): Dominican Republic and Haiti; South Eastern Asia Oceania FFG (SAOFFG) (under implementation): Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, and Timor-Leste. Myanmar Stand-Alone FFG System (under implementation): Myanmar Global Flash Flood Guidance System

Purpose of the Project The goal of the Flash Flood Guidance System with global coverage is to: enhance NMHSs capacities to issue timely and accurate flash flood warnings to mitigate the adverse impacts of hydrometeorological hazards, by: generating flash flood early warning products using state-of-the-art hydrometeorological forecasting models; providing extensive training to the hydrometeorological forecasters; and improving collaboration between NMHSs (between meteorology and hydrology) and Disaster Management Agencies (DMA).

Snow Products Gauge Mean Areal Temperature (GMAT) of the SAsia FFG Average Soil Moisture (ASM) of the SAsia FFGS Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) of the SAsia FFG Snow Coverage Area (SCA) of the SAsia FFGS Melt of the SAsia FFGS Persistence Flash Food Threat of the SAsia FFGS

Advances Multi-NWPModel ingestion Urban Flash Flood Early Warning System World Bank may support for the implementation of Landslide/Mudflow and Riverine Routing in the CARFFG system Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Expandable and Scalable Riverine Routing  (Riverine Forecasting)

For more information please visit: Thank you Paul Pilon ppilon@wmo.int Ayhan Sayin asayin@wmo.int For more information please visit: http://www.wmo.int/ffgs http://www.hrcwater.org and