Major Pre-Columbian Civilizations

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Presentation transcript:

Major Pre-Columbian Civilizations

Slide 2 The Incas

Lands of the Incas

Spanish Conquistadors Incas Rise: Great government control and powerful military Fall: Spanish Conquistadors

Location of Empire Capital - Cuzco Peru, Bolivia Western coast of Africa Capital - Cuzco

Cuzco: Ancient Capital of the Inca (11,000 ft. above sea level)

Important Ruler/Government Ruler – Atahuatt Descended from Sun Terracing Staple Crops : potatoes, maize, avocado cocoa leaf

Terrace Farming

Cusco Sacsayhuaman Teeth of the Puma

Polytheistic, human sacrifice Religion Polytheistic, human sacrifice purpose = to celebrate accession of king or stop crisis victims - child (most beautiful, or royal) How Option A: child = given alcohol… bound with rope, hit in head… walled inside stone structure Option B: child placed on sacrifice table… shaman cuts artery in thigh… bleed to death Temples were built for sun god, sacred, Gift to pachamama

Coricancha (Temple of the Sun)

Machu Picchu 200 houses… 1,000 inhabitants More food than that though – potentially provided cocoa leaves to cusco priests

Machu Picchu

Arts/architecture Contributions Unified Empire no private property Embalming (Mummification) Public works, 14, 000 miles of roads, with guesthouses to shelter travelers Quipu – set of knotted strings that could be used to record data. Llamas for transportation, etc. Gold and Silver useage Terrace Farming

Llamas!

Quipu

The Quipu: An Incan Database

Incan Mummies

Inca Gold & Silver

Maize in Incan Pottery

Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Cultivated by the Incans

Produce from a Typical Incan Market

Cuy

Incan Ceramic Jars Peanut Potato Squash Cacao God Cacao Pod