Readings for This Week 미국 정부와 정치_2장_연방헌법 미국 헌법 영문 Reading p.38-49 만 읽어도 무방함 CNN GOP 2nd Presidential Debate http://edition.cnn.com/specials/politics/cnn-gop-debate-night Who’s visiting the US this week? Xi vs. Pope

Achieving Balance I A two-year term for the House a compromise between the annual elections advocated by many delegates and the three-year term proposed by James Madison  A short tenure would keep this chamber close to the people A longer-term and “staggered elections” for the Senate The Senate insulated from momentary shifts in the public mood by virtue of a longer term, in addition to their selection by state legislatures www.senate.gov Another compromise on bills raising revenue

Achieving Balance II “Advice and consent power” by the U.S. Senate To a degree, the Framers envisioned the Senate acting as an advisory council to the president. Framers’ belief that the more “aristocratic” and insulated of the two houses would keep a steadier eye on the country’s long-term interests. "Why did you pour that coffee into your saucer?" asked Washington. "To cool it," said Jefferson. "Even so," responded Washington, "we pour legislation into the senatorial saucer to cool it.“ Now, also polarized politics in the Senate!

Achieving Balance III Finally, the president was used as a means to further the balance of power by giving the executive branch the authority to: Recommend (not introduce) new laws (What about “Obama’s American Jobs Bill”?) Call Congress into special session Most importantly, the power to veto laws passed by Congress, killing them unless two-thirds of each chamber votes to override the veto “veto threat” vs. “veto”: what’s more effective?

How to understand American political history? Three Approaches I. “Modern Presidency” approach Tradition vs. Modern (dichotomous) 1932 election of FDR II. “Critical elections” approach “Not every election is equal.” Critical elections of 1800, 1828, 1860, 1896, 1932, 1980 III. “Political Time Presidency” approach Periodicity and pattern Presidents’ situation related to political regime

I. Modern Presidency Approach http://www. biography Traditional presidency Passive presidents Congressional dominance Party dominance President didn’t travel Restrained relationship to public Small government No staff US NOT a world power Modern presidency since FDR in 1932) Active presidents Dominance over Congress Weak party President travels a lot Strong claim to relationship with public (“going public” strategy) Large government Large White House Staff US a world power