CELL PARTS IN THIS PRESENTATION, STUDENTS WILL LEARN ABOUT: CELL ORGANELLES CELL MEMBRANE ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

The Nucleus This is a nucleus, kids! The nucleus is the center of the cell, kids! It acts as the ‘control room.’ It contains the DNA that controls all of the cell’s functions. The nucleus has a membrane with pores, so that things can pass in and out of the nucleus! This is a nucleus, kids!

Endoplasmic Reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is attached to the nucleus. It is an extensive membrane network divided into two categories: Smooth ER Rough ER

ROUGH ER ROUGH…ER JOKE TIME! What did the dog say to the cell? The rough endoplasmic reticulum is ‘The Highway of the Cell.’ Certain cellular materials move down the Rough ER, until they are ready for their specific functions. The rough ER got its name from the ‘bumps’ created by the ribosomes attached to it. JOKE TIME! ROUGH…ER What did the dog say to the cell?

Smooth ER Characteristics : Does not have ribosomes attached to it, and that’s why it’s called the ‘smooth ER! Functions are not related to finalizing proteins

GOLGI APPARATUS The golgi apparatus is one of the coolest organelles ever! It picks up the stuff that leaves the ER, and changes it even further. Now the cellular material is ready for the cell.

Ribosomes The ribosome is very important to life. It is the only organelle that is shared by ALL kinds of cells. They are the site of the creation of proteins; this is where amino acids gather into long protein chains.

Mitochondria The mitochondrion of a cell is the ‘power house.’ this is where all of the cell’s energy—ATP-- is generated! Some scientists believe that, billions of years ago, mitochondria were a separate organism. They even have their own DNA!!!!!!!!!!

Lysosomes Lysosomes are very important organelles as well. They are crucial to the digestion of cellular ‘food.’ They are sacs filled with enzymes that break down stuff! They even help some cells kill themselves!!!!

The Cellular Membrane The cell membrane is probably the most complex part of the cell. It is a very intricate and ever-changing ‘fluid mosaic’ of phospholipids, proteins, and other molecules. Sit back and enjoy the ride!

The cell membrane is called ‘the fluid mosaic model’ because its components can move around. It consists of 2 layers of phospholipids with embedded proteins for transport of stuff—but we’ll get to that in a minute!

Animal and Plant cells: A comparison This is an animal cell. It differs from a plant cell, because it has no cell wall and no chloroplasts. It also has cilia for movement. Notice there is no large central vacuole…..hmmmm……..

Animal and Plant cells: A comparison This is a plant cell. Notice the thick cell wall—this is what gives plants their rigidity. It also has a large central vacuole, for storage, kids! We’ll get into those a little later….

Specialized structures in plant cells only Plant Cell Structure Specialized structures in plant cells only

Chloroplasts!!! Because plants need energy too, they have to use the sun to make the carbohydrate that they need. So, they use chloroplasts! Basically, sunlight hits a green pigment called Chlorophyll contained in the thylakoids. They sunlight triggers a reaction that results in the production of Glucose!

Vacuoles Plants have large storage spaces called vacuoles inside their cells. They take up most of the space in the cell, and they fill with water. A happy plant has cells with filled vacuoles. This is known as a turgid state.

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