Contrasting the Covenants (2 Cor. 3–4)

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Presentation transcript:

Contrasting the Covenants (2 Cor. 3–4) Old Covenant New Covenant initiated by Moses (3:8) initiated by Christ (3:4) of the letter (3:6a) of the Spirit (3:6a, 18b) kills (3:6b, 7a) gives life (3:6b) engraved on stone (3:3b, 7a) engraved on hearts (3:3b; Jer. 31:33 glorious (3:7a) more glorious (3:8, 10) glory faded (3:7b, 11a, 13b) glory ever-increases (3:11b, 18) condemns men (3:9a) brings righteousness (3:9b) deception (3:13) boldness (3:12) veiled face of Moses (3:13b) unveiled faces (3:13a, 18a) veiled minds (3:14a) unveiled minds (3:14b; 4:3-6) veiled hearts (3:15) unveiled hearts (3:16) dullness (3:14a) freedom (3:17) Moses reflected God’s glory all believers reflect Christ’s glory (3:17) non-transforming (3:7) transforming (3:18) lack of zeal (3:13) confidence, steadfastness (3:4-5; 4:1) sincerity (4:2) Contrasting the Covenants (2 Cor. 3–4)

Views on New Covenant Fulfillment Explanation School & Scholars Problems Restated Mosaic No New Covenant Critical: –Couturier –Duhm –Schmidt –Potter 1. OC/NC distinctions in text ignored 2. OC=conditional, NC=unconditional 3. OC=temporal, NC=eternal 4. OC=external, NC=internal 5. OC=no enablement, NC=enablement 6. NC=peace, prosperity, sanctuary, Spirit (parallel passages) Church Alone No Israel Participation Amillennial/ Postmillennial: –Allis –Cox –Smick –Boettner 1. Ignores OT data by equating Israel & the Church 2. NC introduced ≠ fulfilled to Israel 3. Present need to know YHWH (we still need to obey the Great Commission) 4. AD 70 Jerusalem vs. Jer. 31:40 166d Views on New Covenant Fulfillment

Views on New Covenant Fulfillment Explanation School & Scholars Problems Israel Alone No Church Participation Misc/Classical Dispensational: –Darby – Thompson –von Rad 1. Ignores NT data –Christ's Last Supper words –Paul's statements –Hebrews application to Church 2. Ignores present work of Spirit Two New Covenants NC for Israel + NC for Church Early 1900s Dispensational: –Chafer –Walvoord (old) –Ryrie (old) 1. Same terminology for OT & NT NCs 2. Israel/Church distinction too sharp 3. Basis of forgiveness the same 4. If 2 NCs then no OC for Church 5. Church doesn’t possess Israel's promises 166d Views on New Covenant Fulfillment

My View on New Covenant Fulfillment Explanation School & Scholars Problems Church Participation Primarily for Israel Secondarily for the Church Misc/Present Dispensational: –Keil –Lemke –Bright –Scofield –Walvoord (DTS) –Ryrie (DTS) –Archer (TEDS) –Kaiser (TEDS) Support: 1. Primary fulfillment is future–Rom 11 2. Deals with both OT & NT data 3. Forgiveness & the Spirit are blessings experienced now 4. NC has new law 5. Rebuttals to above views 166d My View on New Covenant Fulfillment

Signs of the Covenants 166e Covenant Definition Promise Fulfillment Noahic Unconditional promise not to flood earth again Gen. 9:12-17 No more sea (Rev. 21:1) Rainbow (Gen. 9:12-17) Abrahamic Promise to provide Israel a land, rule, and spiritual blessing Gen. 12:1-3; 15:13-18 Continues at present (Gal. 3:17) but Israel still has a future (Rom. 11:25-27) Circumcision (Gen. 17:11) Mosaic Conditional stipulations for blessing on Israel Exod. 19-31; Deut. 28 Death of Christ (Rom. 7:4-6) Sabbath (Exod. 31:13) Land Promise of physical land from the Wadi of Egypt to the River Euphrates Deut. 30:1-10 Land blessed (Amos 9:13-15) No sign (that I know of) Davidic Promise of eternal, political rule of a descendant of David 2 Sam. 7:12-17 Rule renewed (Amos 9:11-12) Christ seated at the Father’s right hand (Acts 2:34-36) New Promise of spiritual indwelling of the Spirit (“law written on hearts”), forgiveness, and total evangelization of Israel Jer. 31:31-34 Paul & the Apostles (2 Cor. 3–4) All Israel saved (Rom. 11:26-27) Cup of the Lord’s Supper (Luke 22:20; 1 Cor. 11:25)

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