Today’s Vocab Alexander the Great- Conquered the Persian Empire and created the city of Alexandria, Egypt. Also credited with creating Hellanistic culture. Hellenism- A combination of Egyptian, Persian, and Indian culture. Alexandria- City located at the mouth of the Nile River. It is considered the center of the Hellenistic world and learning.

Warm Up Read the quote and answer the question. After his victory at the Granicus River, Alexander sent 300 suits of Persian armor taken from the battlefield back to Athens with this message: “Alexander, the son of Philip, and of the Greeks…have won this spoil from the barbarians of Asia.” What does this message suggest about Alexander’s attitude toward the Greeks and Greek culture?

Alexander the great and hellenism

Alexander the great What was Alexander’s first goal? To invade Persia When did he begin this? 334 BC What happened? Led 35,000 soldiers into Persia and fought at Granicus and gave the Persians a massive beatdown. Who was King of Persia at this time? Darius III

What did Alexander then do? What happened after the Persians were defeated a second time by Alexander? Darius III offered Alexander (as part of a peace settlement) the western 1/3 of the Persian empire, but Alexander declined it (he knew he would be able to get more) What did Alexander then do? Went into Egypt and was welcomed as a liberator! He created the city of Alexandria right on the Nile River.

What did Alexander do after he left Egypt? Moved into Mesopotamia, fought at Gaugamela and won. He now was controlling many wealthy areas of Persia including: Babylon Susa Persepolis

Alexander’s Rule and Conquests MACEDONIA NORTH WEST EAST SOUTH G R E C I N D A Alexander’s Rule and Conquests EGYPT

Alexander in india By 327 BC made his way into the Indus Valley. They won a battle at the Hydaspes River, but his troops wanted to go home and had no more intention to fight. By 323 Alexander went back to Babylon. He was still trying to unite his whole empire together when he died of malaria in 323 BC.

Hellenistic culture What is Hellenistic Culture? A blending of Greek culture with: Egyptian Persian Indian Where is the center of the Hellenistic World? Alexandria, Egypt

Hellenistic Achievements Astronomy Aristrachus Ptolemy Eratosthenes Believed the sun was 300x larger than the Earth. Believed that the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun Believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system. Calculated the size of the Earth. He thought it was 24,662 miles. It’s actually 24,860 miles

Mathematics Euclid Pythagoras Archimedes Wrote the book “The Elements” which studies Geometry. A2 + B2 = C2 Created the value of “Pie” Invented the Lever & Pulley

GRAPHIC ORGAINZER

REFLECTION EQ: DESCRIBE HOW ALEXANDER THE GREAT’S GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT INFLUENCED OTHER CIVILIZATIONS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD? THINK ABOUT THE FOLLOWING: WHAT WAS HIS GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT? HOW DID IT IMPACT THE WORLD?

Closing? Of all of Alexander’s accomplishments, what was his greatest gift to the world? Why did Alexander want to destroy Persia? What is Hellenism? Why is the climate of learning so important?