Teaching Grammar

What is grammar? Grammar – the rules by which words change their form and are combined into sentences: English grammar/ Check your spelling and grammar LONGMAN Active Study Dictionary Grammar in general Grammar is the way words are put together to make correct sentences

Grammatical Structures A specific instance of grammar is usually called a “structure”: The past tense/ - ed helped / Noun plurals / a book-books, man-men / The comparison of adjectives/ long-longer-the longest / The progressive/ she is going /

Why it is difficult to use form TO BE You We They He She It Was Were Been

Examples I am a student I was a student You are students You were students We are students We were students They are students They were students He is a student He was a student She is a student She was a student It is a cat It was a cat

The sentence is a set of words Grammatical terms The sentence is a set of words More and more people are moving from villages to towns and cities

The clause is a kind of mini-sentence she left because it was late and she was tired. ( or only she was tired)

The phrase is shorter unit within the clause a long table was going

the word is the minimum normally separate form that has a particular meaning learner

The morpheme is a bit of a word which can be perceived as distinct component pass -ed (two morphemes) book (a single morpheme)

Present and explaining grammar classroom or pear-teaching

present and explain a grammatical structure to a class /5 minutes/ Stage 1 : Presentation present and explain a grammatical structure to a class /5 minutes/

Stage 2 (optimal) use some ways

Stage 3: (Feedback) ask a colleague or student to tell afterwards how clear they thought your presentation was.

Stage 4 write a set of guidelines for presentation and explaining grammar.

Stage 5 compare what you have written

Stage 6 Do stage 1 again, using another structure

Guidelines on presenting and explaining a new grammatical structure. Oral and written forms Form and meaning Examples Visual materials Mare structures from the use of technology Situation and judgement The right balance between accuracy and simplicity Using inductive method/deductive method

Grammatical mistakes

Terminology Mistakes-occasional inconsistent slips, something sounds or looks wrong or simply ‘jar’ - produce a slight of discomfort in the reader or heaver. Errors - consistent and based on a mis-learned generalization.

Learned errors Stage 1: Gathering samples Stage 2: Classifying Stage 3: Ordering Stage 4: Reordering

General Materials From How to use English /Jevemy Harmer