Mood Disorders in Adolescence

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Presentation transcript:

Mood Disorders in Adolescence Ben Biermann, M.D., Ph.D Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Medical Director CAPH

Disclosures Dr. Biermann has no conflicts of interest to disclose.

WHO calls for stronger focus on adolescent health. Road traffic injuries, HIV/AIDS, suicide are top causes of death; Depression is number 1 cause of illness and disability News release 14 May 2014 | GENEVA - WHO's "Health for the world’s adolescents" report reveals that depression is the predominant cause of illness and disability for both boys and girls aged 10 to 19 years. The top 3 causes of adolescent deaths globally are road traffic injuries, HIV/AIDS, and suicide. Worldwide, an estimated 1.3 million adolescents died in 2012. Mental health problems take a big toll Globally, depression is the number 1 cause of illness and disability in this age group, and suicide ranks number 3 among causes of death. Some studies show that half of all people who develop mental disorders have their first symptoms by the age of 14. If adolescents with mental health problems get the care they need, this can prevent deaths and avoid suffering throughout life.

Epidemiology Prior to puberty M=F; After Puberty F>M Rates of Depression increase with Age through out childhood and adolescence.

Figure 1 Cumulative lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) by sex and severity. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2015 54, 37-44.e2DOI: (10.1016/j.jaac.2014.10.010) Copyright © 2015 Terms and Conditions

Depressive Disorder Combination of : 2 weeks duration Mood Symptoms (sadness or irritability, loss of interest) Neurovegetative symptoms (sleep, appetite, energy) Inappropriate guilt Thoughts about death or suicide. 2 weeks duration Not caused by substance use or directly related to a stressor

Suicide/Self-injury Risk Factors Males 3x higher rates Prior attempts Ideation/planning Mood disorder Substance Abuse Isolated youth at higher risk Presence of Gun in the home

Treatments Psychotherapy Medication Combination Treatments Cognitive Behavior Therapy (learn to recognize thought distortions) Dialectical Behavior Therapy (teach skills for distress tolerance, healthy coping, interpersonal effectiveness) Medication Combination Treatments

Useful Websites American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry www.aacap.org National Alliance for Mental Illness www.nami.org National Institute on Mental Health www.nimh.nih.gov National Institute on Drug Abuse www.drugabuse.gov