Political Parties vs Interest Groups

Political Parties 4 Areas of existence Label (Weak or Strong?) Pg.170 Organization (Weak or Strong?) Set of Leaders (Weak or Strong?) Linkage Institution Is the Party Over? Decline in PP! Direct Primary Civil Service laws Rise of “issue - orientated politics” TV…CNN…Youtube…Facebook… Twitter…? 4. What Parties Need to Do? The party should present clearly defined programs. The party should present candidates who are committed to the party’s positions. Figure out WHO is loyal and work to keep them

Figure 7.2: Trends in Split-Ticket Voting for President and Congress, 1920-1996 Back Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

What are Interest Groups? What are Political Parties? How are the fundamental goal of Political Parties and Interest Groups similar and different?

The Fundamental Goals of Political Parties! Elect people to office Gain control of legislative/executive branches to influence policy agenda

The Fundamental Goals of Interest Groups! Influence Public Policy Influence Government/Congress Change LAWS

Tactics and Activities of S.I.G. use to Support P.Ps Monetary contributions (PACs) Mobilize the people Media Campaigns Endorse Candidates

And In Return… Access Advocates in office legislation

Comparing U.S. to Europe US VS. Them Nominations Campaigns Expectations of members actions and votes System of Gov’t P.M. vs. President Federalism Political Culture

Rise and Fall of PP Founding Fathers Jackson Civil War and Sectionalism Reform Era

Realigning Elections Define Characteristics Two Types Groups of voters change their usual patterns of party loyalty Issues that separate Parties change = supporters change During Election or After Define Characteristics Two Types 1 Party Dies out Voters shift their support 5 Critical/Realigning Elections

1896 Republicans Democrats Tariffs, hard $ Farmers Industry Cities Workers and businessman Catholics and Lutherans Democrats Farmers Small rural towns South and Midwest

The Election of 1932 Democrats Urban workers & Irish political bosses Northern Blacks (GOP) Southern Whites Jewish (GOP) The Election of 1932

National Party Structure

Table 7.2: The Rise of Republican Politics in the South, 1956-2002 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Political Parties as Linkage Institutions BACK

Figure 7.1: Decline in Party Identification, 1952-2000: BACK Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

FOUR M’S OF AN ELECTION Back HOW MUCH INFLUENCE DO PP’S HAVE ON THE ELECTION? HOW MUCH IMPACT DO SPECIAL INTREST GROUPS HAVE?

Who remains Loyal to Party ID? Groups Geographic Regions Gender Race/Ethnicity Age Social/Economic Religion Marital Status