Ideal but Practicable Cycles for I.C. Engines

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Presentation transcript:

Ideal but Practicable Cycles for I.C. Engines P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Improved Thermodynamic Structure of an Engine…

Carnot Cycle was found to be Impractical….

Primary Hardware to Execute the Cycle Piston in Cylinder System : An Inversion of four bar Mechanism New Geometrical Descriptions: Impact on Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic Eligibility Conditions to accept a Cycle Thermodynamic Parameters:

Basic Hardware Eligibility Conditions to accept a Cycle Geometric Parameters:

Need for a Practicable Model Cycle : Mobile Power Units Nicolaus Ottowas's first occupation was as a traveling salesman selling tea, coffee, and sugar. He soon developed an interest in the new technologies of the day and began experimenting with building four-stroke engines. After meeting Eugen Langen, a technician and owner of a sugar factory, Otto quit his job, and in 1864, the duo started the world's first engine manufacturing company N.A. Otto & Cie (now DEUTZ AG, Köln). In 1867, the pair were awarded a Gold Medal at the Paris World Exhibition for their atmospheric gas engine built a year earlier.

Otto’s Definition of Displacement Work Devices Intake Stroke FUEL Ignition Power Stroke Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke Fuel/Air Mixture Compression Stroke Spark Ignition Engine

Displacement Work Devices : Spark Ignition Engine Intake Stroke FUEL Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke Ignition Power Stroke Fuel/Air Mixture Compression Stroke

Active Part of the Innovation Air TC BC Qin Qout Compression Process Const volume heat addition Expansion heat rejection Otto Cycle

Simplified Thermodynamic Cycles Air-standard analysis is used to perform elementary analyses of IC engine cycles. Simplifications to the real cycle include: 1) Intake and exhaust processes not considered 2) Fixed amount of air (ideal gas) for working fluid 3) Combustion process not considered 4) Engine friction and heat losses not considered 5) Specific heats independent of temperature

Otto’s Model for Engine cycle Process 1 2 Isentropic compression Process 2  3 Constant volume heat addition Process 3  4 Isentropic expansion Process 4  1 Constant volume heat rejection Compression ratio: v2 TC v1 BC Qout Qin