Get out pencil and notebook Protestant Reformation Notes November 11, 2016 Get out pencil and notebook Protestant Reformation Notes
Warm Up Name as many branches of Christianity as you can
Crash Course: Protestant Reformation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1o8oIELbNxE
Factors that lead to Protestant Reformation Weakened Church authority New ways of thinking Renaissance
Factors that lead to Protestant Reformation Printing press Politics Church decadence
Indulgences Pieces of paper that could be bought that symbolized the Church transferring merit and forgiving sins Claimed to release people from purgatory
“A copper in the coffer sings, a soul from purgatory springs” A 1517 indulgence from Johannes Tetzel that reads, “By the authority of all the saints, and in mercy towards you, I absolve you from all sins and misdeeds and remit all punishments for ten days.” “A copper in the coffer sings, a soul from purgatory springs”
Martin Luther (1483-1546) Luther was an Augustinian monk in Germany Witnessed effect of indulgences and Church wrongdoings
95 Theses Posted on the door of Wittenberg chapel on October 31, 1517. Written in German Argued against indulgences and other church violations Copied with printing press and distributed around Europe
The 95 Theses are now engraved in iron on the door of the Wittenberg chapel
Luther’s Platform Three Tiers Salvation comes through faith alone and not through good works The Bible is the sole authority and not Church dogma or the pope. People of faith were equal and didn’t need others to interpret the Bible for them.
Reaction by Catholic Church Diet of Worms 1521 Luther excommunicated
Reaction in Europe Princes used the Reformation to gain power over their realms by dismissing Papal/Church Authority. Series of wars and peasant revolts until the Peace of Augsburg in 1555.
King Henry VIII of England Mini Bio video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGi2TYAQfXE
Anglicanism New branch of Christianity created by Henry VIII Part of Protestantism English Monarch is the head of the Church
Catherine of Aragon (Spain) Left by Henry with no male heir.
Anne Boleyn Second Wife Gives birth to Elizabeth I In 1536, she’s accused of adultery and treason. Henry locks her up and has her executed.
Jane Seymour Third Wife Henry married her 11 days after Anne’s execution. Finally bears a male heir. (Edward VI) Dies two weeks after the birth.
Anne of Cleaves Fourth Wife Was a political marriage for Henry. Once the political advantage was gone, Henry has the marriage annulled.
Catherine Howard Fifth Wife Henry found out she had affairs before getting married and may have committed adultery. Got Parliament to pass a law declaring it treason for an unchaste woman to marry the king. She’s beheaded two days later in 1542.
Catherine Parr Sixth Wife She survives Henry who dies in 1547.
One more thing… that painting at the beginning is a Hans Holbein One more thing… that painting at the beginning is a Hans Holbein. Check the detail.
Edward VI Becomes king in 1547 at the age of nine. Dies six years later During his reign, however, English Protestantism was significantly advanced and developed.
Mary I Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon’s daughter Queen from 1553-1558. Reinstates Catholicism
Elizabeth I One of England’s greatest rulers if not THE greatest. Reinstates Protestantism after Mary I Defeats Spanish Armada in 1588 Reigns from 1558-1603
Elizabeth I mini bio video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDg9AoJYxeY
Calvinism John Calvin Swiss preacher in Geneva Predestination: God had already determined who would be saved Calvinism Stress the following: Hard work Modesty Morality Thrift Honesty Discipline
Spread of Calvinism Started in Geneva, Switzerland Spread to France, Netherlands, Germany, England