INTRODUCTION TO MAP AND COMPASS

New York State Professional Land Surveyor Cub Master Pack 55 Greene Alan M. Lord New York State Professional Land Surveyor Cub Master Pack 55 Greene

COURSE OBJECTIVES MAPS COMPASS MEASURING DISTANCE Parts of a map How to read a map COMPASS Orientate your map Figure a compass direction from a map MEASURING DISTANCE How to use a scale on a map How to measure that distance on the ground

Parts of a map

USGS Topo Map Chenango Forks Quadrangle 1968

USGS NORTH ARROW

USGS LEGEND

USGS SCALE

USGS Topo Maps Black - man-made features such as roads, buildings, etc. Blue - water, lakes, rivers, streams, etc. Brown - contour lines Green - areas with substantial vegetation (could be forest, scrub, etc.) White - areas with little or no vegetation; white is also used to depict permanent snowfields and glaciers Red - major highways; boundaries of public land areas Purple - features added to the map since the original survey.

Map legend or key

COMPASSES Compass Needle Points to Magnetic North Azimuth Bearing watch out for interference Power lines overhead or underground Large metal objects; vehicles or buildings Rail Road Tracks Azimuth Works in a circle starting with 0 or 360 pointing north 180 pointing south Bearing Works from the North or the South toward the east or the west up to 90 degrees

PARTS OF A COMPASS

Lay map on flat horizontal surface Orientate the map to Magnetic North

Don’t move the map Lay compass on line you want to travel Turn ring until north lines up with arrow Read degrees on direction arrow

MEASURING DISTANCE Distances are measured horizontally (flat) on map Up hill steps are shorter Flat Down hill steps are longer

Figure out your pace

Put your compass and pacing to the test COMPASS AND PACING COURSE Web site www.scoutorama.com/orienteer_game/ this site makes up courses for you up to 50 sides with random distances TRIANGLE (Same Direction) Bearing Azimuth Distance 1. N-0-E 0 200’ 2. S-60-E 120 200’ 3. S-60-W 240 200’ SQUARE 1. N-0-E 0 300’ 2. N-90-E 90 200’ 3. S-0-W 180 300’ 4. N-90-W 270 200’

Site creates compass courses with any amount of sides or distances Web Sites WWW.learn-orienteering.org WWW.scoutorama.com/orienteer_game/ Site creates compass courses with any amount of sides or distances