AP Government Exam Review Terms 71-75 Allison Perhach A2

71. Sampling and Sampling Error Sampling- the selection of a subset of individuals from within a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population Sampling Error- the difference between the results of two surveys or samples Ex) if one survey finds Americans favor something 60% of the time, and another surveys finds that Americans favor it 65% of the time, the sampling error is 5% Relation to U.S. Government Shows how the U.S. people feel about a certain topic and therefore allows the government to see inside of the minds of the people. Allows for government to see discrepancies between different topics Example: Sampling (and by default, sampling errors) will be used, perhaps, in the upcoming presidential election to interpret the public’s opinion in order to plan a strategy

72. Political Ideology A more or less consistent set of views as to the policies the government ought to pursue Relation to U.S. Government Shows how the U.S. wants to be run by certain groups This keeps parties working toward a specific goal Example: Conservatism or Liberalism are types of political ideologies

73. Liberal and Extreme Radical Liberal: a political belief that promotes human rights, a high level of government involvement, and constitutionalism Extreme Radicalism: the most intense of liberals that prefer to take action in politics Relation to U.S. Government Often receive the most attention in media because they reflect beliefs the majority does not feel, therefore create room for political debate Example: Extreme Liberal Democrats is an online news source for people to follow current information regarding politics from a very biased perspective

74. Conservative and Extreme Reactionary Conservative: a political belief that prefers minimal government involvement, free markets and a strong defense Extreme Reactionary: the most intense conservative beliefs that believe in waiting for issues to surface, and then taking action Relation to U.S. Government Similar to the previous slide, extreme view get the most attention and therefore draw politics in through the media Example: The Tea Party

75. Two-Party System An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in state or national elections Third parties have little chance of winning Relation to U.S. Government United States currently has a two-party system (Democrats v. Republicans) Example: The current presidential election has no evidence of a third party