Maine

Right whales: Pollution: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u85HPbXjPE

Play video from PowerPoint (lobsterman) Lobstering History Long ago, lobsters were so plentiful that Native Americans used them to fertilize their fields and to bait their hooks for fishing. In colonial times, lobsters were considered “poverty food.” They were harvested from tidal pools and served to children , to prisoners, and to indentured servants, who exchanged their passage to America for seven years of service to their sponsors. In Massachusetts, some of the servants finally rebelled. They had it put into their contracts that they would not be forced to eat lobster more than three times a week. Until the early 1800s, lobstering was done by gathering them by hand along the shoreline. (what would you this tell you about the population, abundance?). Lobstering as a trap fishery came into existence in Maine around 1850. Today Maine is the largest lobster-producing state in the nation. Though the number of lobstermen has increased dramatically, the amount of lobsters caught has remained relatively steady. In 1892, 2600 people in the Maine lobster fishery caught 7,983 metric tons; in t 1989, 6300 Maine lobstermen landed 10,600 metric tons of lobster. ….until 1999. Fisheries, first in Connecticut, Rhode Island and then Long Island Sound, suddenly started dying. Individual fishermen were hauling up as many as 400 dead lobster a day. Journal Scientists have many hypotheses regarding the large and rapid lobster die-off. Other than the pesticides mentioned in the video, what other causes can you think of that would lead to a large scale die-off??

Scientific Hypotheses for the 1999 Lobster die-off Overfishing – 90% of the lobsters being captured did not have a chance to reproduce even once. So US regulators did increase the minimum legal size. Parasitic paramoeba was found in many dead lobsters Pesticides – Resmethrin, Malathion, Methoprene: All used to fight West Nile virus. They are chitin inhibitors. The keep the outsherll of mosquitoes from hardening – also, has the same effect on the shells of lobsters. A microscopic amount can kill a bunch of lobsters. 33 parts per billion. Waste-water treatment chemicals discharged into the ocean. It was believed that oceans had the ability to absorb our wasted, but they may have reached a saturation point. This discharge is so harsh that it can clean the growth off of lobster traps. Many lowered near the treatment plants, would come out cleaner than they went in. There was a shell disease Global warming

The occupation of an organism is called its ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ Ecology The Science that deals with________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ENVIRONMENT:_______________________________________________________________ ABIOTIC FACTORS: Temperature range Mineral availability Habitat: ________________________________________ To understand an organism’s relationship to its’ environment, we must know more than where it lives – we must know HOW it lives. The occupation of an organism is called its ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ It includes how to get food, reproduction, how to avoid predators, etc. It becomes apparent that all living things interact – they affect other living things and their environment; and all living things depend on each other and their environment – they are interdependent!

Neat Videos Killer anemone Giant Fleshy Scale Worm Nudibranchs Lobster Fight!

Hey, are you busy Saturday night? Temperature range Water Relative Acidity Light Intensity Temperature Range Hey, are you busy Saturday night? Physical Space Type of soil Rocks Mineral Availability Minerals

Habitat Place where an organism lives

Niche “Occupation” of the organism It includes how to get food, reproduction, how to avoid predators, etc.

Ecology Water Light Intensity RelativeAcidity ABIOTIC FACTORS: The Science that deals with_____Living things and how they interact with each other and their non living environment ENVIRONMENT:__Ones surroundings___ Water Light Intensity RelativeAcidity ABIOTIC FACTORS: Temperature range Mineral availability Physical Space Type of soil Rocks Habitat: _Place where an organism lives To understand an organism’s relationship to its’ environment, we must know more than where it lives – we must know HOW it lives. The occupation of an organism is called its __Niche__ ____ ____ ____ ____ It includes how to get food, reproduction, how to avoid predators, etc. Red Winged Blackbird It becomes apparent that all living things interact – they affect other living things and their environment; and all living things depend on each other and their environment – they are interdependent!

Living Community + environment Portion of earth where life exists Biotic Factors All the members of a particular species inhabiting a given area All interacting populations in an area Synthesize food Consume food Predators: Scavengers: Eats wastes and dead bodies, in this way materials are recycled Symbiotic relationships: Attack and live on or off of a living organism; cause harm Examples: 2 species live together, both benefit 2 species live together, 1 benefits other is unaffected ECOSYSTEM BIOSPHERE Population Community Autotrophs Consumer (Heterotrophs) Decomposers Living Community + environment Portion of earth where life exists

MUTUALISM

PARASITISM

Commensalism

Commensalism

Parasitism

Wolves, Alligators, Fish Biotic Factors All the members of a particular species inhabiting a given area All interacting populations in an area Synthesize food Consume food Predators: Scavengers: Eats wastes and dead bodies, in this way materials are recycled Symbiotic relationships: Attack and live on or off of a living organism; cause harm Examples: 2 species live together, both benefit 2 species live together, 1 benefits other is unaffected ECOSYSTEM BIOSPHERE Population Community Autotrophs Consumer (Heterotrophs) Wolves, Alligators, Fish Vulcher, flies… Decomposers close and often long-term interactions between different biological species Parasitism (+/-) Tick and Deer Mutualism (+/+) Bumble bee and flowers Commensalism (+/0) Birds and Trees Living Community + environment Portion of earth where life exists

Ticket Out! On a piece of paper to be handed in before you leave write what type of symbiotic relationship is being described: The remora is a fish that in this picture is attached to a sea turtle. It gets a free ride from the turtle and feeds on the scraps of food it leaves behind