Aesculus pavia Red flower, Hummingbird pollinated Opposite, palmately compound leaves, with five leaflets Big fruit with more than one seed

Andropogon sp. Perennial grass Hemicryptophyte Andropogon stage in secondary succession-usually 3-5 years after disturbance.

Asplenium platyneuron Terrestrial fern Dark-ebony midrib on long pinnately compound leaf (frond) Sori (elongate) on underside of leaflets

Berchemia scandens Liana Smooth bark, bendable twigs Small leaves with pinnate venation Structural parasite

Cercis canadensis Legume family Heart-shaped leaves Palmate venation (5 main veins) Simple alternate leaves: two-ranked arrangement Pea-like flowers (pink-red)

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Opposite pinnately compound leaves Fruits winged and dispersed by wind

Maclura pomifera Fig family (Moraceae) Bleeds milky juice when broken Short shoots Has thorns Have unequal leaf base Makes “monkey brain” fruit

Phoradendron sp. Evergreen, leathery opposite leaves Hemiparasite, epiphyte Birds drop seeds on branches

Pinus echinata Needles in 2’s Slightly twisted needles-maybe 1 revolution Needles 3-5 inches long

Pinus glabra 2 needles per fasicle, 2-4 in. long Extreme revolutions/twisting Shade tolerant: Can regenerate in understory of hardwood stands

Platanus occidentalis Circular stipule scars Peely bark Large leaves: simple and alternate Base of petiole is hollow; leaf scar surrounds axillary bud

Pleopeltis polypodioides Epiphytic fern Pinnately divided leaf Has sori on the back of the leaf What you see is sporophyte

Prunus angustifolia Winter deciduous shrub Smooth bark with horizontal lenticels on young twigs Has thorns Produces juicy edible fruit in the summer In the rose family

Quercus falcata Winter buds clustered at the tips Bell-shaped bottom of the leaf blade Distinct bicoloration-dark green on the top and rusty/pale underneath Droopy leaves even during the wet season

Sabal minor Does not have saw-like teeth along the petiole Native dwarf palm Monocot Likes wet spots

Tillandsia usneoides Neither Spanish nor moss Silvery scales on stems and leaves Bromeliad Native; CAM photosynthesis Requires high humidity

Trillium sp. 3 leaves Herbaceous stem Flower mounted on top of the 3 leaves Phenoseason: spring herb

Ulmus alata Wind pollinated flowers Corky wings on the stems: small winter buds (compared to Liquidambar) Simple alternate leaves with double serrations