Carbon About half the dry weight of cells

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Presentation transcript:

Carbon About half the dry weight of cells Single bonds with O, H, N & C Fee rotation Tetrahedral (109.5 bond angle)

Carbon Double bonds with O, N, & C Shorter bond (0.135 nm vs. 0.154 nm) No rotation Planar (120)

Carbon

Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Straight chain Branched Cyclic Aromatic

Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Functional Groups

Different chemical and physical properties Geometric Isomers Differ in arrangement of their substituent groups with respect to double bonds Different chemical and physical properties

Stereoisomers Same bonds, but different configurations Enantiomers – mirror images Diastereomers – non-mirror images

Stereoisomers

Stereoisomers

Stereoisomers D L

Stereoisomers

Stereochemistry – 3D structure Enzyme – substrate Hormone receptor – hormone Transport protein Neurotransmitter – receptor Antibodies – foreign objects

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