End Station A Test Beam ESTB Design, Performance, Infrastructure, Status Mauro Pivi, SLAC on behalf of the ESTB team: C. Hast, T. Beukers T. Fieguth, R. Iverson, J. Jaros, L. Keller, L. Nicolas, T. Maruyama, D. Walz and M. Woods SiD Workshop, SLAC December 14-16, 2011

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 SLAC End Station A Test Beam (ESTB) ESA test beam activities have been interrupted by ending PEP II operation and start of LCLS • ESTB will be a unique HEP resource - World’s only high-energy primary electron beam for large scale Linear Collider MDI and beam instrumentation studies - Exceptionally clean and well-defined secondary electron beams for detector development - Huge experimental area, good existing conventional facilities, and historically broad user base - Secondary hadron beams available as an upgrade Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

ESTB proposal R. Erickson, T. Fieguth, C. Hast, J. Jaros, D. MacFarlane, T. Maruyama, Y. Nosochkov, T. Raubenheimer, J. Sheppard, D.Walz, and M. Woods, “ESTB proposal” July 2009 L. Keller and myself joined end of 2010

Underlines the broad interest by the community ESTB Workshop at SLAC 1st ESTB User Workshop in March 2011 50 participants from 16 institutions and 5 countries 13 short presentations for proposed test beam uses 8 requests received (already before the workshop) Underlines the broad interest by the community 4

LCLS uses 1/3 of SLAC LINAC End Station A Presentation Title Page 5

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 LCLS and ESA Use pulsed magnets “kickers” in the beam switchyard to send LCLS beam to ESA 6 Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

Carsten Hast, SLAC, ESA Test Beam LCLS ESA A-Line BSY Carsten Hast, SLAC, ESA Test Beam

Building 61: ESA Beam

Open area for Detector R&D tests with secondary beams

End Station A Experimental Area 10

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 LCLS and ESTB Beams LCLS beam Energy: 3.3 –14.7 GeV Repetition rate: 120Hz Beam current: 250 pC 150 pC preferred by LCLS Users these days 350 pC @ 120Hz has been provided This is the current upper limit for the present cathode Approved to 600 pC running. Beam availability > 95%! ESTB beam Kick the LCLS beam into ESA Repetition Rate: 5 Hz Primary beam 4 -14.7 GeV Determined by LCLS < 1.5 x 109 e-/pulse (250 pC) Clean secondary electrons 1 GeV to 14.7 GeV, from 0.1 e-/pulse to 109 e-/pulse Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 11

Mauro Pivi SLAC, ESTB 2011 Workshop ESTB parameters 0.25 nC Parameters BSY ESA Energy 14.7 GeV Repetition Rate 120 Hz 5 Hz Charge per pulse 0.25 nC Energy spread, sE /E 0.058% Bunch length rms 10 mm 280 mm Emittance rms (gex,gey) (1.2, 0.7) 10-6m-rad (4, 1) 10-6 m-rad Spot size at waist (sx,y) - < 10 mm Drift Space available for experimental apparatus 60 m Transverse space available for experimental apparatus 5 x 5 m Mauro Pivi SLAC, ESTB 2011 Workshop

Additional Availability Extra 5% of beam time at 120Hz (!) possible If LCLS experiments don’t need full 120 Hz rate, the remaining beam is parked out Upstream of the LCLS undulator, “BYKIK” kicker is used to park the beam out of the beam line. A-line  ESTB When BYKIK turns “ON”, the BSY kickers will also fire “ON” to re-direct the LCLS beam in ESA Extra 5% of beam time at 120Hz (!) possible 13

ESTB Goals: Primary and Secondary beams Primary e- beam operations Full intensity, 4 – 14.7 GeV, LCLS beam into ESA Secondary e- beams 4 – 14.7 GeV, up to 10-4 momentum resolution 1 GeV (maybe) and 2 GeV (most likely) Adjusting 2 collimators: 0.1 - 109 electrons/pulse Tagged photon beams developing the needed infrastructure Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 ESTB: Secondary e- beam Primary beam can be directed onto a target: Secondary e- are momentum-selected Transported to ESA and focused to small spots Adjusting 2 existing collimators, it is possible to provide secondary beams up to incident energy and down to 1 single particle/pulse. Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 ESTB: Secondary e- beams (Left) Spectrum of secondary e- beam from 14.7 GeV primary beam and (Right) transmission rate over each collimator. Adjusting 2 collimators, down to 1 e- /pulse. Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

Carsten Hast, SLAC, Test Beams in the US ESA Infrastructure Available Instrumentation Trigger counters Halo veto counters High resolution beam hodoscope Particle ID (Cerenkov, TOF, shower counter) Small, high field solenoid sturdy support table with remote movers Cranes 15 and 50-ton cranes available Carsten Hast, SLAC, Test Beams in the US

Mauro Pivi, SLAC, ESA Test Beam Telescope Available Options: EUDET: developed by Desy – Proven to work and very popular – DESY, Bonn and ATLAS – Lot of effort spent for optimization: cloning is now easy Timepix: developed by LHCb. good rate, cost. SLAC telescope: P. Grenier group. Last generation pixel sensors for ATLAS upgrade (!?) build from cosmic telescope experience. Mauro Pivi, SLAC, ESA Test Beam

ESTB Status In November, installed 1 new kicker magnet in the Beam Switch Yard (BSY). This allows kicking a 4 GeV beam to ESA. Ongoing commissioning of the kicker magnet and the A-line. Additional beryllium target in the BSY to generate secondary e- beams.

Mauro Pivi, SLAC, ESA Test Beam ESTB Status Building a new Personal Protection System (PPS) system and installing a new beam dump in ESA. Once PPS and beam dump are completed, beams can be directed to ESA. 4 new kicker magnets with ceramic chambers have been manufactured to allow 14.7 GeV to ESA. Magnets needs to be assembled and installed in the BSY. Mauro Pivi, SLAC, ESA Test Beam

ESA beam dump shielding 3 kW ESA east wall 250 cm Pb CONCRETE 115 cm 40 cm 75 cm 115 cm 25 cm CONCRETE 183 cm 208 cm 730 cm 180 cm

Pulsed Kicker Magnet in the BSY to divert LCLS beam to ESA BSY and LCLS beam line Magnet coils Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011

Pulsed Magnet Kicker in the BSY to divert LCLS beam to ESA to LCLS Overview of Beam Switch-Yard area to ESTB Beryllium target Kicker magnet 4 new kicker magnets go here Mauro Pivi, SLAC, ESA Test Beam

A-line kicker screenshot with beam Screenshot taken while kicking the beam Channel 1: beam time current sample trigger Channel 3: magnet current (200A/V) Channel 4: trigger

Commissioning: 14.7 GeV and 120Hz beam, kicker at 1 Hz and 20 Amps (low current) Horizontal position at Beam Position Monitor 85 meters down beam of kicker Kicker polarity is correct Kicker amplitude as expected LCLS beam

Commissioning: 14.7 GeV and 120Hz beam, kicker at 1 Hz and 730 Amps (high current) Horizontal position at Beam Position Monitor 100 meters down beam of kicker 120 Hz LCLS beam Following pulse also slightly kicked Kicked beam is lost on the pipe Kicker on at 1 Hz Kicker off Small magnetization left in kicker. Next: ”degaussing” the magnet with negative signal at end

Submit a proposal for use of ESTB test beams! Beam Test Proposals Howard Matis, LBNL (*) Philippe Grenier, SLAC (*) Leo Grenier, LBNL (*) Elliott Bloom, SLAC (*) Ray Frey, University of Oregon (*) Jerry Va’Vra, SLAC Mike Hildreth, Notre Dame University (*) Roger Jones, Cockcroft/Manchester U Mario Santana, SLAC Bruce Schumm, UC Santa Cruz  Konstantin Belov, UCLA Mike Rooney (*) Peter Gorham, Hawaii U. (*) Test of the SSD Electronics for STAR HFT Upgrade Pixel Sensors for ATLAS Upgrades STAR Pixel Detector Fermi Large Area Telescope LC detector: Silicon-Tungsten Calorimeter Super B R&D Energy Spectrometry CLIC Wakefield Collimator Studies Radiation Physics Beam Tests Beamcal Radiation Damage Study Geosynchrotron Radio Emission from Extensive Air Showers SuperB DCH Askaryan Effect in High Energy Showers Submit a proposal for use of ESTB test beams! to Mauro Pivi or Carsten Hast mpivi@slac.stanford.edu hast@slac.stanford.edu 27

efficiency and spatial resolution sensors Solenoid Tracker at RHIC: search qg plasma.

Collimator Wakefield Measurements R.M. Jones, D. Schulte, R. Tomas, W. Wuensch for the CLIC team Bunch length measurement is critical . New electro-optic bunch length instrumentation (CLIC CDR) Need BPM resolution in the 100 nm level (partially contributed by CERN)

Schedule Mid of January can do first test by kicking a 4 GeV beam into A-line ESA PPS and beam dump become available this February 4 GeV primary beam to ESA 4 – 14.7 GeV secondary electron beam to ESA First ESTB run in May (need commissioning time) Summer install 4 BSY kicker magnets with ceramic chambers 14.7 GeV primary beam to ESA SLAC downtimes are in Aug/Sept and over Christmas for the next years Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 31

Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 Summary We are excited to re-start ESA test beams! - Unique High energy test beam line in the US, with plenty of infrastructures and SLAC support for Users Beam parameters determined by LCLS. Availability 5Hz + opportunities to increase rate when not needed for LCLS. We installed 1 new kicker for e- beams in ESTB by February with commissioning by May. First ESTB run in April / May 2012 Installation of the full 4 kicker system by summer 2012 Hadron beam line upgrade needs user requests and funding Mauro Pivi SLAC, SiD Workshop, Dec 2011 32

ESTB Stage II: Hadron Production Add Be target, beam dump, analyzing magnet, momentum slit, and quadrupole doublets to produce a secondary hadron beam Production angle = 1.35O and Acceptance = 10 sr Production of Hadrons would add desirable capabilities to ESTB, But currently is Not Funded. We need User requests! p produced at rate 1 p / 250 pC beam Protons and Kaons at ~ 0.02 / 250 pC

Mauro Pivi SLAC, ARD Status Meeting, April 2011 Development: Short bunch length Interest to short bunches ~50mm (CLIC, accel. R&D..) LCLS beam: 10 mm and smaller In the A-line, bunch length increases to 280 mm due to 24° bend, large dispersion and large R56 Solution: installation of 4 available QUADs in A-line - to reduce R56 (T. Fieguth) - with LCLS beam sE~0.02% (Z. Huang) - bl = 50 mm or shorter in ESA 4 Quadrupoles later Existing optics R56<0.1 R56~0.46 Mauro Pivi SLAC, ARD Status Meeting, April 2011