Thankful Thursday 01/19/2017 Bell ringer: Please do the following quickly and quietly Take a handout from the counter Have a seat and begin answering the questions on your handout When you are done discuss your answers and make revisions if necessary Then…wait patiently and quietly for further instructions 

Chapter 14

Section 1:Causes of the Depression Prosperity Hides Troubles Speculation goes too far Lower class struggles throughout the 1920s The Stock Market Crash “Crash of 1929”, Black Tuesday What happened? (p. 228) Smoot-Hawley Tariff: raised customs duties after crash America recalls loans from France and Britain who call on loans from Germany…and that’s how the cookie crumbled…

Section 1:Causes of the Depression The Great Depression Begins Hoover: stick to laissez-faire. Government intervention leads weakens character What caused the Great Depression? Give specific examples.

Section 2: Americans Face Hard Times Misery and Despair Grip America’s Cities GNP decreases Thousands of businesses fail 1/4 of a million banks failed Loss of jobs  loss of savings  mortgage foreclosures… Poverty Devastates Rural America 1.5 million farms went under The “Dust Bowl” Few Americans Escape Hard Times 10+ million lost their jobs

Section 3: Hoover’s Response Fails Cautious Response to Depression Fails Laissez-faire method isn’t working Hoover Adopts More Activist Policies Requested businesses to stop laying off workers Cut taxes Increases public work projects Hoover Dam! Paused war payments Bought surplus crops Refused any type of payment to unemployed “Trickle Down” theory Reconstruction Finance Corporation Loaned to banks & businesses

Section 3: Hoover’s Response Fails Americans Protest Hoover’s Failures “Hoovervilles” “Bonus Expeditionary Force” 40,000 vets and families caped outside of D.C. Bonus Army sent to disperse them

Table of Contents 14 The Great Depression Outline for 14 02/04   Movie Notes 02/05 Unemployment Chart The Dust Bowl 02/08 Causes/Effects of Great Depression Historians apprentice, p. 229 Viewpoints 02/09 Bonus Army, p. 467 Grapes of Wrath, p.469

Chapter 15 New Deal

FDR Offers Relief and Recovery Roosevelt Takes Charge “New Deal” Seen as “one of them” someone who could overcome challenges Campaigned “Happy Days are Here Again” Fireside Chats

FDR Offers Relief and Recovery The First Hundred Days Provide Instant Action “Relief, Recovery, Reform” “Bank Holiday” Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)= safe to deposit savings again Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)= watch the stock market, prevent fraud Work relief: Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)= planting trees and draining swamps PWA & CWA: built highways, bridges, hospitals, airports, etc.

FDR Offers Relief and Recovery Agriculture Adjustment Act Loans for farmers Tennessee Valley Authority Pump Priming National Industrial Recovery Act= aid for industries and led to the NRA (National Recovery Admin.) Regulated industries, their work hours, etc. Agricultural Adjustment Acts (1 & 2)

The Second New Deal Extending Social and Economic Reform Works Progress Administration (WPA) Social Security Act Unemployment insurance Retirement benefits Disabled and orphaned National Labor Relations Act (aka Wagner Act) Labor Unions Find a New Energy “Sit-Down” Strike General Motors, gov’t does not intervene Chart: 2nd New Deal p. 489

The Second New Deal Challenges to the New Deal Roosevelt caught a lot of backlash was called a “traitor to his class” Some believed he didn’t do enough (Huey Long) Supreme Court and their rulings of unconstitutional on the NIRA and the AAA. Roosevelt wanted to appoint a new Justice to the Court for each Justice who didn’t retire by the age of 70 (he would have appointed 6 Justices) New Deal ends After Court-packing attempt

Culture of the 1930s Movies and Radio Captivate Americans “Talkies” provide an escape Gone with the Wind The Wizard of Oz The New Deal and the Arts Supported throughout the New Deal Art for new public buildings etc. Music: Woody Guthrie The Literature of the Depression John Steinbeck= The Grapes of Wrath Dorothea Lange= brought the harshness of Depression to life Langston Hughes Walker Evans= focus on tenant farmers in Alabama Margaret Bourke White = Life Magazine