Construction of phylogenetic trees in a non-majors biology laboratory as a means of teaching biodiversity Brian M. Forster*, Charleen M. Baker, Darine.

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Construction of phylogenetic trees in a non-majors biology laboratory as a means of teaching biodiversity Brian M. Forster*, Charleen M. Baker, Darine El-Naccache, Clint J. Springer *Contact Information: bforster@sju.edu, 610-660-3188 Slide 2 is the full tree (no missing components) Slide 3 is the tree with some missing components for students to fill in.

Universal Common Ancestor Domain Eukarya Animal Kingdom: Phylum Chordata Green Algae Plant Kingdom Protist Ancestor Fungi Kingdom Protist Ancestor Animal Kingdom: Invertebrates Animal Kingdom: Vertebrates Bread mold (Rhizopus) (Ascomycota) Sac fungi (Basidomycota) Club fungi unicellular Chlorophyta multicellular Chlorophyta Charaphyta Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms Angiosperms Cnidaria Lancelets Cartilaginous fish Birds Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Nucleariids Choanoflagellate Porifera Platyhelminthes Mollusca Annelidia Arthropoda Echinodermata Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Mammals Feathers Hair Mammary Glands Amniotic Egg Legs Colonization of land Lungs Colonization of land Flowers Vertebrae Jaws Seeds Sexual spores (internal) Sexual spores (external) Protostomes Bilateral symmetry Body Cavities Triploblastic Tissue Layers Deuterostomes Vascular Tissue Sexual spores True Tissues Colonization of land Multicellularity Multicellularity Loss of flagella Colonization of land Multicellularity Acquisition of chloroplasts (Endosymbiosis) Acquisition of nucleus and mitochondria (Endosymbiosis) Universal Common Ancestor

Universal Common Ancestor Domain Eukarya Animal Kingdom: Phylum Chordata Green Algae Plant Kingdom Protist Ancestor Fungi Kingdom Protist Ancestor Animal Kingdom: Invertebrates Animal Kingdom: Vertebrates unicellular Chlorophyta multicellular Chlorophyta Bryophytes Pteridophytes Lancelets Cartilaginous fish Domain Domain Archaea Nucleariids Bread mold Porifera Platyhelminthes Mollusca Annelidia Echinodermata Amphibians Reptiles Mammals 1 5 6 7 9 10 13 15 11 17 19 Feathers 20 Amniotic Egg Colonization of land 18 Lungs Colonization of land 4 16 Jaws Bilateral symmetry Body Cavities Triploblastic Tissue Layers Seeds Sexual spores (internal) Sexual spores (external) 14 Deuterostomes 3 Sexual spores True Tissues Radial Symmetry Colonization of land Multicellularity 12 8 Colonization of land Multicellularity 2 Acquisition of nucleus and mitochondria (Endosymbiosis) Universal Common Ancestor