EQ: What factors influence climate in South Asia?

Climate and Vegetation of South Asia Chapter 23 Section 2

South Asia’s Climates Although much of the subcontinent lies south of the Tropic of Cancer and has a tropical climate, the climates of the northern and western parts of the region vary widely from highlands to deserts.

The Climate & Vegetation of South Asia The west coast of India, the Ganges Delta, and southern Sri Lanka are home to extensive rainforests and experience heavy precipitation. Central India and eastern Sri Lanka have savannas similar to Africa. A humid subtropical climate extends across Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and northeastern India

The Climate & Vegetation of South Asia The area around the Himalaya Mountains is much colder, with snow never melting in many areas. Deciduous and coniferous forests cover the lower slopes.

The Climate & Vegetation of South Asia Western India is quite dry, with the Great Indian (Thar) Desert and dry forests covering vast stretches of the interior region. In which areas do you think most of the region’s people live? Why do you think that?

The Climate & Vegetation of South Asia South Asia has three distinct seasons: hot, cool and wet. These depend on seasonal monsoons that bring rain to the region during the months of June- September. As they move over the Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers, the Himalayas force the rains to move west into the Ganges Plain.

The Climate & Vegetation of South Asia These two extremes—heat and rain—are positive because they cause plant growth due to high temperatures and abundant water. They can be negative because they can cause flooding, drought, and death. Cyclones, another kind of catastrophic weather event, are equally destructive How are the cycle of seasons similar to the United States? How are they different?

Textbook Time! Use Chapter 23, Section 2 (p. 575-579) of the World Geography textbook to answer the following questions: #1 #3-6

Grab a Geography Alive Textbook. Open to page 399. Geography Alive: Waiting for the Rains: The Effects of Monsoons in South Asia Grab a Geography Alive Textbook. Open to page 399.

EQ: How does climate influence human activity in a region? Use the Geography Alive book pages 399-401 to complete the chart below in your notebook. Geoterm Definition Sentence Symbol atmospheric pressure monsoon orographic effect rain shadow

Geography Alive Opening Class Discussion Examine the photograph on page 398. What details do you notice? What aspects of life might be affected by conditions like this? Look at the climagraph on page 399. What does this climagraph tell us? How might climagraphs be useful for comparing the climates of various cities around the globe? Look at the map and diagram on page 401 How are monsoons created? Why are monsoons important in South Asia? How might cities on the eastern side of the Western Ghats be less affected by summer monsoons?

Puzzle Directions Work in pairs to assemble four puzzles by correctly matching a climagraph, a climate map, a photograph, and a list of effects of and adaptations to that climate for four cities in South Asia. Step 1. Turn to page 27.3 Identify the city on that page. Write down the City name in your notes. Look at your four climate maps. Using coordinantes given for this city, find the map with the star that matches those coordinates. Place it on the page in your notes. Using what you learn from the climate map about this city’s climate zone find what you think is the climagraph for this city. Place it on the page in your notes Choose which of the four photographs and which list of effects and adaptations you thnk match this city and place it on the page in your notes. Step 2: Have your teacher check your puzzle, one of you should show the completed puzzle to your teacher. If your pieces are correct, you will glue in those pieces. If you are incorrect, you will need to return to your seat and reassemble it. Recheck your work with your teacher before gluing in the pieces Step 3: Read the corresponding section (27.3) of Geography Alive!, Write a captain for the climagraph, and complete the list of effects and adaptations. Step 4: Repeat steps 1-3 for Section 27.4, 27.5, and 27.6

Geography Alive Closing Discussion Which city do you believe to be the most different from Fayetteville? (Dhaka, Bangladesh; Jodhpur, India; Kolkata, India; and Pune, India) Why do you think this city is the most different from Fayetteville? If you were to move to this city, how might you adapt your clothing, recreational activities, and lifestyle to this climate? Which city would you most like to live in? Why? Which city’s climate would be most difficult to adjust to? Why?

EQ: What factors influence climate in East Asia?

Climate and Vegetation of East Asia Chapter 26 Section 2

Climate Regions Dry highlands and grasslands dominate East Asia’s north and west, with humid and temperate forest to the south and east

Mid-Latitude Climates The southeastern quarter of East Asia has a humid subtropical climate. Summers are warm, and rains are heavy. The northeastern quarter has a humid continental climate, with cold, snowy winters In the eastern half of the region, forest consist of evergreen and deciduous trees. Bamboo grows abundantly in warmer areas and is the only food source for rare mammals, such as giant and red pandas People in the region use bamboo in numerous ways, from medicines to material for bridges Tea and mulberry leaves also play a major role in the culture and economy of East Asia

Desert and Steppe Climates Mongolia and inland northern China are very dry because the surrounding mountains block the rain. Gobi and Taklimakan desert areas are often cold and windy. Temperatures in this climate region vary greatly

Highlands Climates The higher the elevation in the mountains, the colder the temperature. The plateau of Tibet has an average high temperature of only 58F

Tropical Rain Forest Climate Hainan an island off of China’s southern coast, shares a rain forest climate with Taiwan. The temperatures are always warm, and the summer is very rainy.

The Roots of Rice and Soy The Chinese have cultivated rice and soybeans for seven thousand years. These are two of their staple foods.

Monsoons Monsoon winds bring seasonal weather patterns to East Asia. Summer monsoons blow from southeast to northwest, causing soaking rains from April to October. Winter monsoons blow in the opposite direction, bringing icy winds from November to March Farmers depend on the summer monsoon rains for their crops How are monsoons both beneficial and detrimental?

Ocean Currents The warm Japan Current flows northward toward southern Japan, bringing moisture and warm temperatures. The cold Kuril Current flows southwest from the Bering Sea, bringing cold winds and lower temperatures to Japan’s northern islands

Ocean Currents The interaction of ocean currents and monsoon winds can give rise to violent typhoons. Typhoons form in the Pacific Ocean and blow across coastal East Asia. They tend to be most severe between late August and October

Haiku Assignment The Haiku is a Japanese poetry form that does not rhyme. It instead depends on the number of syllables. It consists of three lines that have 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively. Nature is often a subject. For example: “Slender, silver grove, Bamboo, filtering sunlight, Whispers ancient myths.” Using your notes, and the book pages 651-655 write a Haiku for every climate/vegetation type. (Mid- Latitude, Desert and Steppe, Highlands, Tropical Rain Forest, Rice and Soy, Monsoons, & Ocean Currents) (7 total Haiku’s) When you finish your Haiku’s you may work on your Unit 7 Organizer.

EQ: What factors influence the climate of South East Asia?

Climate and Vegetation of South East Asia Chapter 29 Section 2

Tropical Climate Regions Southeast Asia’s rain forests depend on the moisture brought by the summer monsoons blowing in from the south and west

Tropical Rain Forest Climate Most of Southeast Asia has a tropical rain forest climate. Temperatures are fairly constant, averaging 79F Humidity is always high, and annual rainfall is between 79 and 188 inches What geographical factor accounts for the fairly constant year-round temperatures in South East Asia?

Tropical Rain Forest Climate The rain forests feature more than 14,500 species of flowering plants Other types of vegetation include peat swamp forests, mangrove swamp forests, and evergreen trees

Singapore Singapore, once covered by dense rain forest, is now almost entirely urbanized Nearly 80 percent of the trees now growing there are imported, some originating from such distant places as Central and South America Why did Singapore replace much of its original habitat?

Tropical Savanna Climate Parts of the Indochina Peninsula and the islands of Indonesia have a tropical savanna climate, with alternating wet and dry seasons and tree-covered grasslands. The dry season may last from four to eight months per year

Humid Subtropical Climate Northern Myanmar and Vietnam, most of Laos, and part of Thailand have a humid subtropical climate, with a cool dry season lasting from November to April

Highlands Climate Region Highlands climates predominate in mountainous areas of Myanmar, New Guinea, and Borneo. Temperatures are cooler here than the rest of South East Asia.

Web Quest Assignment Use the internet to find the answers to these questions. Write down the Questions. The Answers that you find, AND the source where you found the answer. 1. Who took control of Indonesia after the Portuguese? 2. What are Keli Mutu’s most fantastic attractions? Describe 3. What is the religious make up of Indonesia? How has religion caused problems for the area? 4. What can you see on Sumba each year in February and March? 5. What are the physical features of Indonesia? Describe them. 6. What is the climate of Indonesia? Describe it. 7. What is the vegetation of Indonesia? Describe them.