13 Colonies
What is a colony? A colony is a place (land) and people (called subjects) that is controlled by another country –Imperialism Great Britain had colonies all across North America. 13 total
True or False? People living in a colony usually had the power to create their own laws and government.
True or False? People living in a colony usually had the power to create their own laws and government. FALSE
Why did countries conquer each other? To build EMPIRES E: economic M: military P: political I: ideological R: religious E: exploratory In North America, ECONOMIC and RELIGIOUS motives were key.
Economic Motivation Mercantilism Dominant economic theory/practice of Europe for most of the 16th-18th centuries Economic nationalism for the purpose of building a wealthy and powerful state Strict regulation of imports, encouragement of exports Mercantilism motivates colonial expansion
Religious Motivation Escape Persecution Massachusetts Puritans Maryland Catholics Pennsylvania Quakers Rhode Island All religions “liberty of conscience”
Where exactly were the colonies? New England (Northern) Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies
Who made up the colonies? Lets take a closer look at the kinds of people who came to the New World We examine actual passenger lists from 2 ships 1 ship travelled to Virginia (southern) and the other went to New England Work to complete the “Examining Passenger Lists” handout independently or with a partner
Passenger List Debrief What are the biggest differences between the two ships? What does this info tell you about the diff. between New England and Virginia in the 1630s? What more do you want to know about these passengers? What info is missing from these lists? What do you think will change once plantation owners in the Chesapeake begin replacing indentured servants w/ African slaves?
New England Colonies
New England Colonies Describe a typical immigrant… What was the original purpose of this colony? Religious freedom What religion were the people living here? Separatists (also called Puritans) What was the economy like? Small, family farms Skilled craftsmen (ship building, weavers, tailors, etc.) TRADE became very important Was slavery allowed? Some families had slaves (at first); outlawed by 1780’s
Middle Colonies
Middle Colonies A typical immigrant… What was the original purpose of this colony? Economics: fur traders sold animal fur to British Also, the Quakers founded Pennsylvania (freedom) What religion were the people living here? No official religion (many people were Quakers) What was the economy like? Farming (“staple crops” like wheat, barley, oaks) Trade was important, port cities like NY and Philadelphia Was slavery allowed? Slaves were more important than in NE, less important than in the South Many indentured servants were used
Southern Colonies
Southern Colonies A typical immigrant… What was the original purpose of this colony? Money! Founded by joint stock companies What religion were the people living here? Anglican (Church of England) What was the economy like? Cash crops (cotton and tobacco) Was slavery allowed? Slavery was very important in the Southern colonies Many indentured servants were used as well
Compare & Contrast: Jamestown vs. Plymouth (Southern) Plymouth (NE)
Compare & Contrast: Jamestown vs. Plymouth Founded: 1606 Purpose: Make money! Regional Characteristics: Warm, humid, swamp-like Main crop: Tobacco Who came? Young men, indentured servants Plymouth Founded: 1620 Purpose: Religious freedom Regional Characteristics: COLD winters, not great for farming Main crop: Corn Who came? Entire families Founded in early 1600’s Large % of population died during first winter Native Am. helped with survival