Phosphorus Volatility in GF4 Engine Tests Presentation for ASTM ESCIT May 4, 2006

Absolute P Levels

Absolute Ca Levels

Loss of Baseoil Volatiles

Phosphorus, Adjusted for Baseoil Loss

Bulk Oil Temperatures

Phosphorus Volatility Summary and Recommendations Can be determined using conventional UOA Sequence VIB appears to show “reasonable” scale Possibilities for “multitasking” of a GF5 engine test to also yield measures of P volatility should be investigated Analogous to IIIGA and T10A Not as an extra P/F criterion Goal is efficient utilization of data

Another Important Point There are substantial differences among ZDDP additives, both for P volatility and for antiwear performances Recent OEM data compare a “Conventional” ZDDP versus a “Low Impact” ZDDP Meaning of these terms are unclear May be relevant to a single additive supplier