Funding Clinical Research A Superficial Guide for the Neophyte 1889 1990 2012 JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL IN THREE CENTURIES Jeff Brinker MD, FACC, FSCAI Professor of Medicine and Radiology Johns Hopkins University

I/we have no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report. Jeff A. Brinker, MD I/we have no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report.

THINGS TO CONSIDER What are my short and long term goals? What are my primary research interests? What kind of research do I want to do? Do I actually need money to do the research? Would I rather perform an intervention than write a grant? Grants are competitive, demonstration of research ability and peer reviewed publications are helpful. Have a good mentor and rely on him/her

Life Science Research in U.S. Academic Medical Centers Among AMC research faculty, 33.6% exclusively conducted basic science research as principal investigators compared with translational researchers (9.1%), clinical trial investigators (7.1%), and health services researchers/clinical epidemiologists(9.0%). While principal investigators garnered a mean of $410 755 in total annual research funding, 22.1% of all AMC research faculty were unsponsored, a proportion that ranged from 11.5% for basic science researchers to 46.8% for health services researchers (P.001). The average AMC faculty member received $33 417 in industrysponsored funding, with most of this money concentrated among clinical trial ($110 869) and multimode ($59 916) principal investigators. Translational (61.3%), clinical trial(67.3%), and multimode (70.9%) researchers were significantly more likely than basic science researchers (41.9%) to report a relationship with industry and that these relationships contributed to their most important scientific work (P.05 for all comparisons). Zinner and Campbell. JAMA. 2009;302(9):969-976

WHY SHOULD YOU APPLY FOR A GOVERNMENT GRANT? Response when he was asked why he only robbed banks!

THE INTERNET A KEY RESOURSE FOR IDENTIFYING OPPORTUNITIES, APPLYING FOR, AND SUBMITTING GRANTS

How Do I Get Funded? Government Industry Private Foundations & Voluntary Health Associations AMC

WHO PAYS FOR HEALTH RESEARCH?

Private Foundation

National Football League

Voluntary Health Associations

State Funding of Medical Research

Grant Providing Federal Government Agencies Agency for International Development Corporation for National and Community Service Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce Department of Defense Department of Education Department of Energy Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of the Interior Department of Transportation Department of Justice Department of labor Department of State Department of the Treasury Department of Veteran Affairs Environmental Protection Agency Institute of Museum and Library Services NASA National Archives and Records Administration National Endowment of the Arts National Endowment for the Humanities National Science Foundation Small Business Administration Social Security Administration

The VA

Department of Defense

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Grants to Improve: 1. QUALITY OF CARE ACCESSABILITY OF CARE OFFER JOBS MORE EFFICENT CARE

NIH GRANTS AND FUNDING

Center for Scientific Review

Categories of NIH Funding

Applying to eRA Commons (Electronic Research Administration) Applications must be submitted in response to a funding opportunity announcement (FOA. Request for applications (RFAs) and program announcements (PAs) are types of funding opportunity announcements. Applicants submitting “investigator initiated” or “unsolicited” applications should use Parent Announcements, which span the breadth of the OER (Office of Extramural Research) mission.

The Grant Process

The Grant Process Continued

ADVICE Convey the proposal completely and clearly: What you want to do; Why you want to do it; How you are going to do it. Don’t be overambitious. Covey the impact of your proposal and how it will move science to a practical (clinical) goal. Grantsmanship: Reviewers are influenced by the clarity of the proposal, its logic, the quality of the idea, and whether it’s innovative. The proposal should be reviewed by a mentor and other individuals who have gone through the process. Participation in a review process yourself (e.g. journal articles, in-house research) will provide you with a helpful perspective in writing a grant. Persevere, if the grant is rejected pay attention and address criticism brought up in the summary statement.

FINAL THOUGHTS Be focused, keep your eye on the prize! Be unambiguous; don’t be caught between ideas. There are about 16 applications for every grant funded.