Independent and dependent clauses

What is a clause? A group of words containing a subject and a verb or verb phrase. What is a subject? What is a verb?

Independent Clauses Expresses a complete thought. It can stand as a sentence OR It can be combined with one or more clauses to form a sentence. However, even when it is joined with other clauses, it is always capable of standing on its own as a sentence.

Independent Clause Examples Mom took the car to get fixed. Gabriel is playing with toys in his room. I will wait to buy a car until I have saved more money. When Angela visits, we will surprise her with a birthday party. Nate will be late for the concert because he can’t get a ride right away. While Ana hesitated to share her opinion with her manager, she did it anyway. Even though it rained during our vacation, we still had a good time.

Dependent Clauses Also known as a subordinate clause. Does not express a complete thought. Cannot stand alone as a sentence. Has to be combined with one or more independent clauses to form a sentence. Begin with words such as: after, although, because, before, if, since, that, until, what, when, where, who, which, and why.

Dependent Clause Examples When we get enough snow, we’re going to go sledding. Damian won’t be able to play in the game because he injured his foot. Does anyone know what we are having for dinner? I’m trying to decide which book I want to read next. I forgot where I put the car keys If Charlotte decides to join the softball team, then we will have enough members. I can’t wait until the pizza gets here!