Chapter 3 Notes Anatomy & Physiology

Body Tissues Epithelial Tissue lining, covering Classification of Epithelium cell shape and arrangement Squamous cells are flattened like fish scales, Cuboidal Cells are cube shaped like dice, and columnar cells are shaped like columns Simple epithelium (one layer of cells) Stratified epithelium (more than one cell layer)

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Transitional Epithelium

Connective Tissue- connects body parts (partly non-cellular) Types of connective tissue: Bone- (osseous)tissue, is composed of bone cells Cartilage- less hard and more flexible than bone Dense connective tissue- forms strong, ropelike structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscle to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints.

Loose connective tissue: Areolar tissue- a soft tissue that cushions and protects the body organs it wraps. Adipose tissue- commonly called fat Blood- also called vascular tissue is a connective tissue

Types of muscle tissue: Muscle tissue- highly specialized to contract or shorten to produce movement Types of muscle tissue: Skeletal muscle- are attached to skeleton and have striations (stripes) Cardiac muscle- contracts, the heart acts as a pump and propels blood through the blood vessels (also striated, branching, with intercalated discs)

Smooth muscle- also called visceral muscle; found in walls of hollow organs such as the stomach, bladder, uterus and blood vessels. Pushes substances through (like squeezing a toothpaste tube) or regulates flow. Peristalisis- a wavelike motion that keeps food moving through the small intestine.

Nervous tissue Neurons- all neurons receive and conduct electrochemical impulses from one part of the body to another.