Copy Bold Mind Stretcher 10/3/16 1. ELK must fight over grass. This is an example of: Competition between species Competition within a population 2. Why is nitrogen important to organisms? It transports food It cools the body It changes substances to simpler molecules It builds new cells

Earth’s Biomes Chapter 20

https://youtu.be/hIy0ZlyPPDg Introduction to Biomes https://youtu.be/hIy0ZlyPPDg

THE BOTTOM LINE: Biomes are dependent on two very important environmental factors: Average Temperature Average Rainfall Biomes are named after the dominant type of vegetation (plants) associated with large land areas. The three major land biomes are: (1) Deserts, (2) Grasslands, (3) Forests

Celsius Scale 30’s Warm 20’s Nice 10’s Cold 0’s Ice

BIOME Organizer Heavy Rainfall Average Rainfall Light Cold/Polar Temperatures Average/ “Temperate” Temperatures Hot/Tropical Temperatures Heavy Rainfall Average Rainfall Light

Taiga Deciduous Prairie Savanna Tundra BIOME Organizer Cold/Polar Temperatures Average/ Temperate Temperatures Hot/Tropical Temperatures Heavy Rainfall Average Rainfall Light Taiga Coniferous or Boreal Forests Deciduous Temperate Forests Tropical Rain Forests Prairie Temperate Grasslands Savanna Tropical Grasslands Tundra Polar Grasslands Cool Deserts Temperate Deserts Tropical Deserts

Biome Map Using the World Map in the back of your agenda, label the following latitudes: 0 (equator) Tropic of Cancer (23.5 degrees N) Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 degrees S)

Color each biome according to the number/color listed below: Biome Map Color each biome according to the number/color listed below: 1- Tundra (BLUE) 2- Taiga (Dark GREEN) 3- Grassland (ORANGE) 4- Desert (YELLOW) 5- Tropical Rain Forest (RED) 6- Deciduous Forest (Light GREEN)

Brain Pop- Land Biomes https://www.brainpop.com/science/ecologyandbehavior/landbiomes/

Mind Stretcher 10/4/16 Answer only 1. Which of the following is NOT a way that nitrogen cycles through the environment? Decomposition releases nitrogen into the soil. Plant roots take up nitrogen from the soil. Bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen back to a gas. Nitrogen is stored in fossil fuels. 2. Why is the carbon cycle important to living things? It transports a material needed by all living things. It converts nitrogen to a usable form. It converts carbon from a liquid to a gas. It transports wastes in organisms.

Directions Today Read Ch. 20-1 silently Complete directed reading/section review sheet (Quiz on it Thursday!) Make flashcards for VOCAB words using virtual ones on my blog! Front side- key term and drawing/picture Back side- definition (using ones on my blog)

Mind Stretcher – (copy bold) 1. If a person traveled south from the Arctic Circle to the equator, what would be the most probable sequence of land biomes he would pass through? taiga, tundra, temperate forest, tropical forest temperate forest, taiga, tundra, tropical forest Tundra, taiga, temperate forest, tropical forest Tundra, tropical forest, taiga, temperate forest Tropical forest, temperate forest, taiga, tundra

Forests have these qualities: A wide variety of plants, dominated by trees. Provides a variety of habitats for a variety animals. (birds, deer, bears, mice, opossum, insects, etc.)

Types of forests: EMERGENT CANOPY UNDERSTORY FOREST FLOOR DRAW THIS!!

Brain Pop: Tropical Rain Forest Types of forests: Tropical Rain Forest: constant hot temp., high humidity, daily afternoon rains, poor soil, most animals live in the canopy, most biologically diverse Animals- monkeys, birds of paradise, sloth, tons of insects, snakes, gorillas Plants- hardwood trees, vines (broadleaf plants) CLIMATE: Precipitation- up to 400 cm yearly (157.5 inches) Average Temperature- 20-34 degrees C (temperature is from night to day) (68-93 degrees F) https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/tropicalrainforests/ Brain Pop: Tropical Rain Forest

**WE LIVE HERE!!!** Types of forests: Precipitation- Temperate Deciduous: moderate/average temperatures which change a lot during 4 seasons, abundant precipitation, deciduous trees lose their leaves each fall, soils are rich in nutrients (deciduous means “to fall off”) Animals- deer, porcupine, hawks, raccoons, frogs, turtles, owls, red foxes Plants- Deciduous trees such as Oak, maple, birch, poplar trees, etc. **WE LIVE HERE!!!** CLIMATE: Precipitation- 75cm-125 cm yearly (29-49 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 28ºC (82ºF) Winter: 6ºC (43ºF)

Atlanta, Georgia CLIMATE Precipitation- 119 cm yearly (47 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 30ºC(86ºF) Winter: 11ºC (51ºF) Source: http://www.usclimatedata.com/climate.php?location=USGA0028

Types of forests: Brain Pop: Taiga Taiga/Coniferous: winters are long & dry, lots of snowfall & short days, temps. range from cool to extremely cold, dominated by conifers (“cone-bearing”) Animals- moose, caribou, grey wolves, lynx, grizzly bear, reindeer Plants- Evergreen trees: Douglas fir, hemlock, pine, spruce trees, etc. CLIMATE: Precipitation- 35cm-75 cm yearly (14-29 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 14ºC (57ºF) Winter: -10ºC (14ºF) https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/taiga/ Brain Pop: Taiga

Create a food chain : Tropical Rain Forest (Example: Fruit  Monkey  Jaguar) Coniferous Forest Deciduous Forest

Compare and contrast Draw the following venn diagram on your paper and fill it in. Temperate Forest Rainforest Taiga

Ideas to add to your VENN… Location & examples Temperature in Celsius Annual Rainfall Types of trees & other plants Types of animals & other organisms Adaptations of organisms that help them live in these forests

Quick Write (Use complete sentences on an index card) Like the biomes of all of the southeastern United States, Georgia’s biome is temperate deciduous forest. Describe three characteristics of a temperate deciduous forest. “A temperate deciduous forest….”

Savanna (Tropical grassland) Mind Stretcher – copy all Which tropical biome has open grasslands with very few trees, large land animals such as elephants, giraffes, zebras, and rhinoceros? Savanna (Tropical grassland)

Grasslands have these qualities: General notes on GRASSLAND biomes: Precipitation is high enough to allow grass to grow. Droughts and fires prevent permanent forests. Home to large herbivores and many burrowing animals

Brain Pop: Savanna Types of Grasslands DESCRIBE the Biome… Savanna (Tropical Grassland): high avg. temps. with a prolonged dry season of 4-6 months. Rest of the year is a wet season. Animals- zebra, lion, leopard, giraffe, elephant, rhino, warthogs, etc. (Think LION KING) Plants- Scattered clumps of trees; 3-6 feet tall grasses CLIMATE: Precipitation- 150 cm yearly (59 inches) Average Temperature- Dry Season: 34ºC (93ºF) Wet Season: 16ºC (61ºF) https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/savanna/ Brain Pop: Savanna

Types of Grasslands DESCRIBE the Biome… Prairie (Temperate Grasslands): Strong, continuous winds & rapid evaporation; Animals- bison, coyote, prairie dogs, pocket gophers Plants- Has grass but few trees due to fires/grazing/drought CLIMATE: Precipitation- 25cm-75 cm yearly (10-29 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 30ºC (86ºF) Winter: 0ºC (32ºF)

Brain Pop: Tundra Types of Grasslands DESCRIBE the Biome… Tundra (Polar Grasslands): Most of the year it’s extremely cold with high winds. Winters are long and low precipitation (mostly snow); Alpine tundra= top of mountains Permafrost = (frozen soil) Animals- mosquitoes, birds, musk oxen, arctic wolves, caribou Plants- shallow rooted plants, grasses, shrubs, mosses, lichens CLIMATE: Precipitation- 30cm-50 cm yearly (10-20 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 12ºC (54ºF) Winter: -26ºC (-15ºF) https://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/tundra/ Brain Pop: Tundra

Animal Adaptations…BRRR! DEMONSTRATION with ICE WATER

Animal Adaptations…BRRR! How this lab shows how animals stay warm even in cold climates: The shortening (vegetable fat) acts just like the layer of fat that is hidden under the skin of animals such as walruses, whales, and penguins who live in cold climates. The fat is an insulator meaning it does not allow heat or cold to move in or out of an object quickly. The fat holds the body heat in so the animal is able to stay warm. Based on the activity Penguin Undercoat from VanCleave (2000).

Mind Stretcher – What do you think of when you look at a Toucan? If you were to paint a picture around this Toucan, what would you paint? Toucans do not live in the Arctic. Why not?

Mind Stretcher – Estuary 10 Deserts get less than _____ inches of rain a year. What do we call the area where freshwater meets the ocean? Estuary

Design An Advertisement: The purpose: You just opened a new resort in the Tundra! You need visitors! Front: Draw a picture of the Tundra and your resort. Add a catchy title and a stamp. Back: Include 3 important facts about the Tundra. In addition, tell visitors what types of plants and animals they might come in contact with. Describe the activities available at your resort. Finally, tell visitors what they should pack in order to survive the Tundra. Special Offer: Include a special offer your customers can’t refuse. Don’t forget your name, date & period! Graph 1 = San Fernando

Grading Rubric Points Possible - 50 points WOW!! Postcard includes all parts described in the rubric. It is an excellent advertisement and looks like something you would receive in the mail. Includes 3 facts GOOD!! Postcard includes all parts described in the rubric. It is complete. OK!! Postcard is missing 1 or 2 minor items. The rest is complete. Needs Help. Postcard is missing major items. It is poorly done or does not follow the directions. Missing. Nothing turned in.

“Did You Know…” For your ticket out the door, write two facts that describe either the Alpine Tundra OR the Polar Tundra. Put your name and class period on it and give it to me on your way out the door!!

Ticket out the Door: HANDS FREE! EYES ON ME! EARS PLEASE! Close your eyes and imagine a simple savanna food web. What would happen in your food web, if the top level consumers were removed? HANDS FREE! EYES ON ME! EARS PLEASE!

Mind Stretcher – (copy bold) Which land biome is characterized by dense vegetation, seasonally warm temperatures, and abundant rainfall? This biome is home to the majority of plant and animal species in the world. 2. If a person traveled south from the Arctic Circle to the equator, what would be the most probable sequence of land biomes he would pass through? taiga, tundra, temperate forest, tropical forest temperate forest, taiga, tundra, tropical forest Tundra, taiga, temperate forest, tropical forest Tundra, tropical forest, taiga, temperate forest Tropical Rain Forest

Mind Stretcher (Is the temperature ice, cold, nice, warm, or hot?) 10oC 20oC 30oC 40oC 0oC 95oF 80oF 75oF 30oF 50oF Cold Nice Warm Hot Ice Hot Warm Nice Ice Cold

Deserts have these qualities: Precipitation is low and limited Evaporation exceeds precipitation (Rain dries out very fast) Light vegetation & clear skies Most animals are small and nocturnal (come out at night) Hot days – Cool nights!! CLIMATE: Precipitation- Less than 25 cm yearly (10 inches) Average Temperature- Summer: 38ºC (100ºF) Winter: 7ºC (45ºF)

Types of Deserts Tropical Desert - hot all year, few plants, wind-blown surfaces EX: Sahara

Types of Deserts Temperate Deserts - Daytime temp. hot in summer & cool in winter EX: The Mojave Desert

Types of Deserts Cool Desert – Warm summers & cold, cold winters EX: The Gobi Desert Brrr…It’s cold here

Desert Plants & Animals Plants- shallow, wide-spread roots; Cacti- fleshy stems and leaves to store water; Waxy coating to prevent water loss; tumbleweeds, flowering plants Animals- Tropical Desert: scorpion, thorny devil, camels, etc. Cool Desert: wolves, snow leopard, gazelles, golden eagles, camels, jerboa

How do animals see in the dark? (TedEd) https://youtu.be/t3CjTU7TaNA

Desert Food Web

Password: Biomes Coniferous Deciduous Forest Rainforest Mountain Freshwater Marine Grassland Tundra Taiga Desert

Password Round 2 Ocean Permafrost Salt Marsh Biome Mangrove Swamp Dry Season Algae Brackish Swamp

Mind Stretcher – Estuary 10 Deserts get less than _____ inches of rain a year. What do we call the area where freshwater meets the ocean? Estuary

Mind Stretcher – Tropical Rain Forest 1. Which of the following best describes the graph? Tropical, Temperate or Polar? Forest, Grassland, or Desert? 2. What biome do you think this data is from? Tropical Rain Forest