Implementing the Planned Response 5 Implementing the Planned Response

5 Objectives (1 of 6) Describe how to notify proper authorities and request additional resources Describe procedures for requesting additional resources Describe scene control procedures using control zones

5 Objectives (2 of 6) Describe appropriate locations for control zones and incident command posts Describe effective coordinated communication techniques Describe evidence preservation

5 Objectives (3 of 6) Describe the roles of the operations level responder, the incident safety officer, and a hazardous materials branch or group, at a hazardous materials incident Describe levels of hazardous materials incidents

5 Objectives (4 of 6) Describe the incident command system Describe the importance of the buddy system and backup personnel Describe protective actions during search and rescue, evacuation, and sheltering-in-place

5 Objectives (5 of 6) Describe safety precautions to be observed when approaching or working in a hazardous materials environment Safety briefings Physical capability requirements For heat and cold stress

5 Objectives (6 of 6) Describe evaluation and communication of the status of the response

5 Scene Control Important at all emergencies Paramount at hazardous materials incidents

5 Incident Size-up Rapid mental evaluation Use visual indicators of incident Process the information Conclusions help form plan of action

5 Plan of Action (1 of 2) Size-up of incident determines posture Aggressive, offensive posture Attack the problem Defensive posture Isolate the scene and protect exposures Allow incident to stabilize

5 Plan of Action (2 of 2) Initial actions set tone for response and are critical to success of effort Safety Isolate Notify

5 Safety Ensure your own safety Obtain briefing from those involved Understand nature of problem Attempt to identify released substance

5 Isolate Isolate and deny entry to scene Separate the people from the problem Establish command post Formulate incident action plan Begin assigning tasks

5 Notify Decide if anyone should be notified: Specialized responders Law enforcement Technical experts Regulatory agencies

DECIDE Decision-Making Algorithm 5 DECIDE Decision-Making Algorithm Image: Adapted from the DECIDE model by Ludwig Benner Use the DECIDE decision-making algorithm as a loose guide for developing an action plan and to focus your thinking.

Response Safety Procedures 5 Response Safety Procedures Isolate release area Establish control zones Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) Evacuate others Sheltering-in-place strategy Emergency medical care at safe location

5 Ignition Sources (1 of 2) Identify and secure So as not to create unintentional ignition source, use only intrinsically safe devices

5 Ignition Sources (2 of 2) Image: Courtesy of Rob Schnepp All intrinsically safe radios and batteries will be marked by the factory with a specific label denoting them as such.

Establishing Control Zones (1 of 2) 5 Establishing Control Zones (1 of 2) Hot zone Cold zone Warm zone Don’t make too big

Establishing Control Zones (2 of 2) 5 Establishing Control Zones (2 of 2) Control zones spread outward from the center of a hazardous materials incident.

Emergency Decontamination 5 Emergency Decontamination Remove bulk of contaminants from person as quickly and completely as possible Performed in potentially life-threatening situations Without formal establishment of decontamination corridor

Protective Actions (1 of 2) 5 Protective Actions (1 of 2) First priority: Evaluate threat to life If none exist, severity of incident is diminished

Protective Actions (2 of 2) 5 Protective Actions (2 of 2) Life-safety actions include: Ensuring your own safety Search and rescue

5 Buddy System Operating alone should never be allowed No fewer than two responders enter contaminated area Required by OSHA HAZWOPER regulation

5 Backup Personnel Backup team Wears same level of protection as entry team Required by OSHA HAZWOPER regulation A team of at least two Ready to spring into action

5 Evacuation (1 of 2) Incident commander determines need May be assisted by: Fire fighters Law enforcement personnel

5 Evacuation (2 of 2) Safe area must be found Transportation must be arranged ERG lists evacuation distances Orange-bordered pages

5 Sheltering-in-Place Usually inside structures Windows and doors closed, ventilation off Local emergency plans should identify available facilities Evacuate vs. shelter-in-place: Consider chemical released, time available to avoid

5 Search and Rescue Ensuring your safety is first priority Released substance must be known IC determines need/feasibility Victims are removed to warm zone

5 Safety Briefing (1 of 3) Written site safety plan should be completed May have to abandon if rescue required Verbal safety briefing is performed May be brief

5 Safety Briefing (2 of 3) Informs all responders of: Health hazards Incident objectives Emergency medical procedures

5 Safety Briefing (3 of 3) Radio frequencies and emergency signals Description of site PPE to be worn

Excessive-Heat Disorders 5 Excessive-Heat Disorders Heat exhaustion Mild form of shock Use tepid water to drink and cool skin Heat stroke Severe and potentially fatal Transport immediately to medical facility

Cold-Temperature Exposures (1 of 2) 5 Cold-Temperature Exposures (1 of 2) Caused by released materials Caused by environment Keep clothing next to skin dry

Cold-Temperature Exposures (2 of 2) 5 Cold-Temperature Exposures (2 of 2) Image: Courtesy of Megan T. Guffey Trenchfoot can result when wet socks are worn at long-term incidents in cool environments.

Physical Capability Requirements for PPE 5 Physical Capability Requirements for PPE Pre-entry health screening On-scene medical monitoring

Incident Command System (ICS) (1 of 2) 5 Incident Command System (ICS) (1 of 2) HAZWOPER OSHA regulation requires Advantages: Common terminology Consistent organizational structure Consistent position titles Common incident facilities

Incident Command System (ICS) (2 of 2) 5 Incident Command System (ICS) (2 of 2) Major functional components of the ICS.

5 Command (1 of 2) Responsible for management of response Unified command Helpful when multiple agencies are involved Incident command post (ICP) At or near scene of emergency Command and all direct support staff

5 Command (2 of 2) A unified command involves many agencies directly involved in the decision-making process for a large incident.

5 Command Staff Incident commander (IC) Safety officer Liaison officer Public information officer

Command Staff Functions (1 of 2) 5 Command Staff Functions (1 of 2) Operations Planning Logistics Finance/administration

Command Staff Functions (2 of 2) 5 Command Staff Functions (2 of 2) Image: Courtesy of Captain David Jackson, Saginaw Township Fire Department The public information officer is responsible for gathering and releasing incident information to the media and other appropriate agencies.

5 Operations (1 of 3) Led by Operations Section Chief Responsible for all tactical operations Contains groups and divisions Group: Working on same task or objective Division: Working in same geographic location

5 Operations (2 of 3) Hazardous materials branch Hazardous materials safety officer Entry team Decontamination team Backup team Technical reference team

5 Operations (3 of 3) Creating branches within the Operations Section is one way to manage the span of control during a large incident.

5 Planning Led by Planning Section Chief Central point for collecting information Situation status Tracks and logs on-scene resources Disseminates written incident action plan

5 Logistics Led by Logistics Section Chief Arranges: Food Sleeping facilities Transportation Other resources

5 Finance Tracks costs related to incident Handles procurement issues Bills responder time

Operations Level Responder (1 of 2) 5 Operations Level Responder (1 of 2) Integral component of response plan Implements or supports actions to protect people, property, and the environment Mission-specific duties determined by AHJ Familiar with emergency response plans Knows different levels of response

Operations Level Responder (2 of 2) 5 Operations Level Responder (2 of 2)

5 Summary (1 of 2) SIN—Safety, Isolate, and Notify Ensure scene safety Establish control zones: hot, warm, cold Use the buddy system

5 Summary (2 of 2) Make risk-based decision to determine whether to evacuate or shelter-in-place Safety briefing informs of health hazards Avoid/treat heat and cold exposures Employ incident command system (ICS)