Quiz on Monday 9/30 Reason for the Seasons Lesson and HW Pages 22-25 of Introduction to Climate Change Vocabulary Homework questions This lesson Keys/Study Materials PowerPoints (Reason for the Seasons + this presentation) Keys to HW questions Flashcards you made

Factors that Effect Earth’s Climate Milankovitch Cycles Cycles that last thousands of years that result in changes in Earth’s orbit around the Sun Sun’s Intensity More/less solar activity Volcanic Eruptions Aerosols: cooling CO2: warming Earth’s Reflectivity Ice reflects heat, water absorbs heat Greenhouse Effect Some gases in Earth’s atmosphere absorb heat from the Sun

Greenhouse Effect

Four Main Systems on Earth Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Biosphere

Lithosphere: Three Main Types of Rock There are three main types of rocks that are formed by the processes in the Earth’s crust. An igneous rock forms from the cooling and crystallizing of magma or lava. A sedimentary rock is made of sediments. A metamorphic rock is a rock that is formed from another rock because of heat and pressure.

The Rock Cycle The rock cycle allows material to keep changing form and moving from place to place on Earth.

Water on Earth: The Hydrosphere All the water on Earth is part of a large system called the hydrosphere. On Earth, water occurs in all three phases.

The Water Cycle A set of processes called the water cycle keeps our water continuously recycled and naturally filtered. The water cycle is sometimes called the hydrologic cycle. The Sun, wind, weather, and gravity drive the water cycle.

The Atmosphere An atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a planet. Earth’s atmosphere protects and supports life.

Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Earth’s atmosphere is made of a mixture of gases called air. Nitrogen gas makes up about 78% of Earth’s atmosphere. The second most abundant gas is oxygen, which makes up 21% of Earth’s atmosphere.

Earth’s Atmosphere Just Right for Life! Earth’s unique atmosphere exists because our planet has the right balance between mass and distance from the Sun.

Biosphere