Personality Unit 4

I. Definitions A. Webster The state or quality of being a person

Definitions B. Behavioral Sum of a person’s behaviors/reactions to the environment

Definitions C. Trait How one uses their unique pattern of traits

Definitions D. Humanist Emphasis of integrating experiences to gain insight and direction/expressions from within the person

Definitions E. Psychodynamic Emphasis on unconscious motivations/drives etc that shape personality

Definitions F. Covert verses Overt Behavior Covert Overt Internal, private, not directly observable Overt External, more or less observable

II. 4 Major Theoretical Approaches A. Psychodynamic Freud B. Behavioral Skinner C. Phenomenological / Humanistic Maslow, Rogers D. Dispositional/Trait Sheldon, Cattell, Eysenck etc

Other Approaches E. Hierarchal James F. Social, Eclectic and more….

III. History of Personality Spiritual Intervention of gods and demonic agents Disorders were seen as punishments from gods for sins Demons were often involved Cures Trephining Purging Exorcisms Bloodletting etc.

IV. Greek Philosophers A. Socrates Man’s true concern should be for one’s soul, not one’s body Big on self-awareness

Greek Philosophers B. Aristotle There is an interaction between the organism and the environment (tabula rasa??)

Greek Philosophers C. Hippocrates “Father of Medicine” First to propose radical organic theory of personality Identified four personality types based on bodily humors

Hippocrates Sanguine (blood) Melancholic (black bile) Happy, elevated mood little hyper, cheerful, motivated Melancholic (black bile) Lethargic tired low motivation, low energy Choleric (yellow bile) Temper tantrums, cranky, anxious, tense, irritable

Hippocrates 4. Phlegmatic (phlegm) Extremely calm, cold detached, under-reactive

A few outdated ailments Paranoia only women suffer from this hysteria Problem Womb traveling in body in search of a baby Cure Get married and have a baby

A few outdated ailments Mania Problem - Hyper Cure – Bloodletting Melancholia Problem – low energy, depression Cure – laxative/purging etc

Greek Philosophers D. Plato Father of psychodynamic thought First to propose a conflict theory of personality He believed in “Three Theories of Soul”

Plato He believed in “Three Theories of Soul” Appetitive Rational Irrational, undiscriminating desires and wants Wild beast within us that peers out as we sleep Rational Very logical, thinking oriented, planned etc Spirit Guilt and morals

Plato Three pulling forces in conflict with each other