Changes in State of Matter

Let’s Review! Solids Have a definite shape and a definite volume Particles are packed very close together in a fixed position Particles vibrate in place - low energy Liquids Has a definite volume, but no shape Liquids take the shape of container particles are freely moving, but still packed close together - medium energy Viscosity- a liquids resistance to flowing Gases Gases have no definite volume or shape Particles can spread out or be packed close together Particles bounce around - high energy

Kinetic Energy and Matter All matter is made up of particles that are moving constantly When heat is added, the particles move faster When the particles move faster, more space is added between the atoms As this happens, the state of matter begins to change When heat leaves the substance, the particles slow down and get closer together

Solids expand when they are heated In the picture to the left, some workers are trying to reconnect two rails that have separated due to the extreme cold. To fix the problem, the workers have lit an oil-soaked rope that lies next to the track. The heat of the fire will cause the tracks to expand so that they can be reconnected once again.

Mystery Mud http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.matter.mud/mystery-mud-exploring-changes-in-states-of-matter/ What properties did the mud have of a liquid? What properties did the mud have of a solid?

States of matter demo https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter-basics

How does matter change from one state to another? A change in thermal energy, or temperature, change a substance from one state of matter to another by adding or taking away energy from the particles of matter https://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/matterchangingstates/ After the video, we will fill out the graphic organizer that goes along with the video and answer the quiz questions

Changes in Matter Melting- the change from a solid to a liquid as the particles gain energy Freezing- the change from a liquid to a solid as the particles lose thermal energy Vaporization-the change from a liquid to a gas Evaporation- vaporization that takes place just at the surface Boiling-when liquid changes to a gas below the surface Condensation- when particles of a gas lose enough energy to become a liquid Sublimation-particles of a solid turn directly into a gas and pass over the liquid state