Successful students follow directions: Put out printed draft of narrative. Get a paper from below. Glue Theme Statement chart into Literary notebook. Edit and finalize theme statement for children’s book. Central Idea Theme Summative Assessment: Wednesday 10/18.

Respond in your Literary notebook: In your narrative, what techniques are you using to clearly convey the Central Idea? Be specific.

a comma is needed after an TODAY YOU WILL LEARN… a comma is needed after an introductory element.

Read these first sentences from the book The 8th Continent. Think about the author’s use of commas. TURN & TALK: Why did Matt London put the commas where he did?

ANSWER: The comma tells readers that the introductory element has come to an end and the main part of the sentence is about to begin.

TYPES OF INTRODUCTORY ELEMENTS or “OPENERS” Dependent Clause Prepositional Phrase Transitional Word(s)

COMMA RULE: When you start a sentence with an introductory element, use a comma to separate it from the main part of the sentence.

COMMA RULE CHEAT SHEET Comma Rule: When you start a sentence with an introductory element, use a comma to separate it from the main part of the sentence. Prepositional phrases start with PREPOSITIONS. Here are some common ones: about against among around as at between by during for from in into like of on out over through under with without Dependent clauses start with SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS. Here are some common ones: although after while when until because before if since Common Transition word(s): also, again, as well as, besides, furthermore, in addition, likewise, moreover, similarly as a result, consequently, hence, otherwise, subsequently, therefore, thus at first, first of all, to begin with, in the first place, at the same time, for the time being, later on, meanwhile, next, then, soon, later, earlier, simultaneously, afterward, in conclusion,

WORK TIME: Edit your writing for this comma rule: when you start a sentence with an introductory element (Dependent Clause, Prepositional Phrase, or Transitional Word), use a comma to separate it from the main part of the sentence.

GRAMMAR WORKSHOP GOAL: Options: DEMONSTRATE MASTERY OF THE COMMA RULE Options: Level of Challenge READ Read your PCR book and find examples of when your author used the comma rule. Avoid dialogue; it just get’s too confusing. Low REVISE Return to a piece of your own writing. Revise sentences that would benefit from the use of introductory elements to vary sentence starters. Correctly punctuate the introductory elements that you add. Medium WRITE Develop a new piece of writing (any genre) that demonstrates your understanding of introductory elements and their comma rule. High