Digestive Disorders and Diseases

DO NOW List any digestive symptoms, disorders and/or diseases that you know of.

Digestive disorders: -The digestive system can be disrupted by disease, diet, and emotional stress and therefore not be able to work properly -These disorders can cause millions of Americans to suffer daily and limit their quality of life 3

Common Digestive Disorders Symptoms Include: 1.Chest and Abdominal Pain 2. Vomiting 3. Trouble eliminating wastes CAUSES: 1. Overeating, Foods hard to digest 2. Bacteria or viruses in food 3. Disease related to digestive system organs

Indigestion: Symptoms: -Uncomfortable full feeling -Nausea -Belching -Heartburn Causes: -Eating too much or too quickly -Eating certain foods -Drinking too much alcohol

Nausea and Vomiting: Causes: -Skipping meals or overeating can cause you to feel nausea -Nausea is a precursor Vomiting-forcefully expelling food from the stomach Vomiting is a protective mechanism Vomiting too much: bulimia, dehydration 6

Lactose Intolerance What is it? -Trouble digesting lactose (milk, sugar) -Leads to gas, cramps, diarrhea -Usually hereditary Who has it? 30-50 million Americans 7 out of 10 of those are African, Asian, or southern European ancestry 70% of the world’s population Alternatives: -Lactaid Powder or pills -Lactose-Free milk -Yogurts or aged cheeses for calcium

Constipation Constipation: 1. Hard and dry waste 2. Painful bowel movement 3. Usually not serious 4. Could simply be from: -Too little exercise -Diet low in fiber or fluid -Emotional distress 5. Doctor may need to prescribe a laxative 8

Diarrhea Diarrhea: 1. Watery loose feces 2. Frequent bowel movements 3. Dehydration Treatments: Drink clear fluid Add soft diet (mashed potatoes, bananas, toast, crackers) 9

IBS What is irritable bowel syndrome? -Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common problem with the intestines. -In people with IBS, the intestines squeeze too hard or not hard enough and cause food to move too quickly or too slowly through the intestines. -IBS usually begins around age 20 and is more common in women. -Effects 20% of Americans

IBS Common symptoms of IBS -Bloating and gas -Constipation -Diarrhea, especially after eating or first thing in the morning -Feeling like you still need to have a bowel movement after you've already had one -Abdominal pain and cramping Causes: Chronic stress Inherited tendency Certain foods

IBS How is IBS treated? The best way to handle IBS is to eat a healthy diet, avoid foods that seem to make you feel worse and find ways to handle your stress. Also eating a diet of soluble and insoluble fiber can also improve how your intestines work and lessen the symptoms of IBS.

Hemorrhoids What is it? Who might get them? Symptoms: Swollen veins in the anal area Who might get them? People who sit a lot Pregnant women Overweight Symptoms: Itching, Pain, Rectal Bleeding 13

Hemorrhoids Treatment: Ointments Hot baths Surgery (severe cases) 14

Digestive Diseases: All previous disorders are symptoms to the diseases of the digestive tract The diseases that affect the digestive system, which consists of the organs and pathways and processes responsible for processing food in the body. 15

Appendicitis Appendix Condition: Has no known function Small path near junction of small and large intestine Condition: Appendix becomes inflamed, swollen, filled with pus and causes sharp severe pain Caused by a blockage of channel inside the appendix, hardened feces becomes trapped 16

Appendicitis Treatment Surgical Removal Antibiotics 17

DO NOW ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: What are common digestive disorder symptoms? Which disorder has trouble digesting lactose? Which disorder has symptoms such as nausea, heartburn, an uncomfortable full feeling? What is IBS? What are the causes? Which disorder can be treated with clear fluids and a soft diet? What are hemorrhoids? Who might get them?

Gallstones What are gallstones? -Hard Particles of calcium salts, cholesterol, and pigments in bile -Range in size from sand grains to gravel What problems can gallstones cause? -About 60% of people with gallstones never get sick from them. They might never know they have gallstones. -Can block Bile from leaving gallbladder -Gallbladder gets inflamed or swollen Symptoms: severe pain in the right upper part of your abdomen. You may also feel pain in your upper back. The pain usually starts suddenly and lasts for as long as 3 hours. Fever Your skin may turn a yellowish color, known as jaundice

Gallstones How are gallstones usually treated? If you have gallstones but no pain, chances are good the stones won't be a problem for you. Your doctor might suggest you leave them alone. Once you have one attack of pain, the chance of having another one is high--about 70%. Old method-Surgical Removal New method- Lithrotripsy (ultra sound waves break up particles)

Ulcers What is an ulcer? -Open sores that form on the surface of skin or alimentary canal -Peptic Ulcers form in the stomach (gastric) -First part of the small intestine (duodenum)

Ulcers What causes ulcers? -Bacteria that attacks the lining of the stomach or duodenum -This can happen if your body makes too much acid or if the lining of your digestive tract is damaged in some way. Physical or emotional stress may not necessarily cause an ulcer, but it can aggravate an ulcer if you have one. -Ulcers can also be caused by anti-inflammatory medicines. Although most people take these medicines without problems, long-term use may damage the stomach lining and cause ulcers. Anti-inflammatory drugs include aspirin, ibuprofen, etc.

Ulcers Possible signs of an ulcer Burning or gnawing pain in upper abdomen Feel worse when you eat or drink (gastric ulcer) Heavy feeling, bloating, burning or dull pain in your stomach Vomiting Unexpected weight loss How can ulcers be treated? -One way to treat ulcers is to get rid of the bacteria -Treatment such as antibiotics and PPIs (Proton-pump Inhibitors) to help aim at lowering the amount of acid that your stomach makes, neutralizing the acid and protecting the injured area so it can heal. -It's also very important to stop doing things, such as smoking and drinking alcohol, that damage the lining of your digestive tract.

Colon Cancer Usually at the lowest part of the colon near the rectum Signs: Change in bowel movements Rectal bleeding Persistent abdominal discomfort Many people experience no symptoms in the early stages so it important that you start screening around age 50 for early detection (colonoscopy) Prevention: Eating low fat diet (<30%) Foods in high fiber Exercise No smoking 24

Food Poisoning Illness caused by: Prevention Methods: Spoiled, infected, contaminated food Bacteria in food Prevention Methods: Wash hands and utensils Don’t leave food out Cook food thoroughly 25

Food Poisoning Common types: Botulism-improperly prepared home-canned food E.Coli- Undercooked meat or poultry Salmonella- Undercooked or improperly refrigerated meat, poultry, eggs, raw milk 26

REVIEW What are gallstones? What can they block from leaving the gallbladder? What is the new method to treat gallstones? What can cause ulcers? What are signs of colon cancer? What are common types of food poisoning?

MAKE SURE YOU HAVE YOUR BINDER AND A PEN/PENCIL!!!!!!  DO NOW MAKE SURE YOU HAVE YOUR BINDER AND A PEN/PENCIL!!!!!! 