Warm-Up Identify the following physical features. 4 1 2 3 You will need each of the following colored pencils: Red Orange Yellow Blue

Warm-Up In your opinion, what innovation has had the greatest impact on population distribution in the NA? Why? 2. How did innovations such as the St. Lawrence Seaway, the transcontinental railroad and the national highway system impact the economics of our region?

Population Geography: Change and continuity

History of North American Migration Migration across Bering Strait Occupied North America undisturbed until the mid-1500s when European colonization began Conflicts arose between Native Americans as British took their land Native American population decreased significantly from loss of hunting/farming lands and spread of European diseases Source: McGraw Hill, Geography-The Human and Physical World, pg 125-126

Major Population Shifts in the US Northeast ???

Northeast (1600s-mid 1800s) Why did Europeans colonize in the Northeast? Proximity (nearness) to Europe THINK: Why did they stay along the coast? Barriers such as the Appalachians were not accessible by boat or carriages.

MAP: Shade and label “BosWash-original settlements” Northeast As industrialization occurred, so did urban sprawl. Led to a Megalopolis (BosWash) MAP: Shade and label “BosWash-original settlements”

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Major Population Shifts in the US Northeast Western Expansion ???

Western Expansion Think: What event caused people to move west? Louisiana Purchase (1803)—doubled the size of the USA. Encouraged westward expansion! Western Expansion

The Mississippi River Choctaw for “Father of Waters” Benefits: Access to freshwater and fertile soil near riverbanks Promotes trade in the US. Steamboat allowed for travel upstream dramatically increased trade MAP: Outline the Mississippi River. Draw a steamboat and label “early 1800s”

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MAP: Shade and label “Rust Belt (1840-1900s)”. Draw a car. Midwest became hub of American industry (steel manufacturing, automobiles) THINK: Why do you think this region is now called the Rust Belt? 1980s—manufacturing industry began to decline, movement away from the Midwest to the South. MAP: Shade and label “Rust Belt (1840-1900s)”. Draw a car.

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Trans-Continental Railroad (1869) MAP: Draw in the railroad with railroad tracks—label 1869. Diffusion of goods and people westward speeds up!

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Major Population Shifts in US Northeast Western Expansion West and South

MAP: Label “Sun Belt (1960s- present)”. Draw a fan THINK: What innovation allowed for more people to move to the West and South? Air conditioning! (widespread in 1940-60s) Allows people to live in areas of the US with more extreme climates. Sun Belt: American South and West have grown more than four times as much in population than the Northeast and Midwest in the past 50 years. MAP: Label “Sun Belt (1960s- present)”. Draw a fan

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As the United States developed economically, we moved away from secondary level jobs to… Tertiary and quaternary level No longer as necessary to be located along coasts Tech Industries Silicon Valley (in California) Technology industry (Apple, Microsoft, Google, tech startups) Aerospace technology in Washington, California, and Texas

1960s—Immigration laws loosen and we see a major influx of immigrants THINK: Instead of European immigration, which two groups increased in size in the United States? Asians and Latin Americans MAP: Draw an arrow for Asian and Latin American immigration towards the South and West.

Source: Census.gov Think: What is another reason that population is increasing in California, Texas, and Florida?

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THINK: What does the population distribution look like in the United States? Link

In your opinion, what innovation has had the greatest impact on population distribution in the NA? Why? 2. How did innovations such as the St. Lawrence Seaway, the transcontinental railroad and the national highway system impact the economics of our region?