In fact, suitable habitat forms a network of patches, and be enough to support local breeding populations.

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Presentation transcript:

In fact, suitable habitat forms a network of patches, and be enough to support local breeding populations.

CHAPTER 12 Metapopulation

Metapopulations = network of populations that interact occasionally by exchanging individuals. The spatially discrete subpopulations are coined metapopulation.

How to define a metapopulation? Discrete patches may be occupied. Dynamics are not synchronized Not too isolated to prevent recolonization The largest populations have a substantial risk of extinction. Fig 12.1 the metapopulation concept

Occur when habitat is patchily distributed and separated by unsuitable habitat glanville fritillary butterfly in Finland Characterized by suitable habitat patches going extinct and getting recolonized over time

Population ecology Simple metapopulation contains populations in equally suitable habitats Differences in habitat suitability produces a source-sink metapopulation Sources = populations in high-quality habitat; continually produce ‘surplus’ individuals that colonize new habitats 3 separate populations 3 populations of simple metapopulation (arrows =migration of individuals) Source sink Source-sink metapopulation Sinks = populations in low-quality habitat; can not persist without continuous input from neighboring populations Where have all the sea otters gone?

Study questions Further Reading How does the risk of local extinction apparently be influenced with the patch size and patch isolation? And who is the dominant? How to determine which size category has the largest of for occupancy? How to determine which patch size represents a threshold for the long-term persistence of local populations? Further Reading Thomas M. Smith and Robert Leo Smith. Elements of Ecology. pp:238-253