Identity and conflict Scotland and Wales

London August 2012

1982: Pope John Paul meets the head of the Church of Scotland

O Flower of Scotland, When will we see Your like again, That fought and died for, Your wee bit Hill and Glen, And stood against him, Proud Edward's Army, And sent him homeward, Tae think again.

Tossing the caber

A presbyterian church

David Livingstone

John Logie Baird

James Watt

Eddi Reader

The Jesus and Mary chain

1997 campaign

The Scottish parliament

The composition of the Scottish Parliament as a result of the 2011 election was as follows: █ Scottish National Party (69) █ Scottish Labour Party (37) █ Scottish Conservative Party (15) █ Scottish Liberal Democrats (5) █ Scottish Green Party (2) █ Independent (1)Scottish National PartyScottish Labour PartyScottish Conservative PartyScottish Liberal DemocratsScottish Green PartyIndependent

In 2014 there is to be a referendum in Scotland on Scottish independence. The Scottish National Party, who have a majority in the Scottish parliament has proposed to reduce the voting age for the referendum from 18 to 16. Some British MPs have claimed the Scottish parliament does not have the legal right to call such a referendum. The result will be only advisory.

Wales Cymru

WelcomeCroeso, Croeso cynnes iawn HelloHelô, Hylô, Shwmae, S'mae How are you? I'm fine, thanks. And you? Shwmae? Sut mae? (inf) Sut ydych chi? (frm), Ti'n iawn? Da iawn, diolch. A tithau? (inf) Da iawn, diolch. A chithau? (frm) Good morningBore da Good afternoonP'nawn da, Prynhawn da Good eveningNoswaith dda Good nightNos da Bon appetitMwynhewch eich bwyd! Bon voyage Siwrne dda! (Good journey) Siwrne saff! (Safe journey) I don't understandDw i ddim yn deall

Until the mid-1800s, more than 80% of people in Wales could speak Welsh. Factors such as the industrial revolution, which brought mass immigration, led to a steep decline in the number of Welsh speakers. According to the Welsh government, there are now 580,000 people in Wales who can speak the language – about 21% of the population. Language use surveys carried out between 2004 and 2006 suggested that 56% of all fluent Welsh speakers, in every age group, lived in four counties: Anglesey, Gwynedd, Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire. The 2001 census revealed that 40.8% of Welsh children aged between 5 and 15 could speak Welsh.

Mae bys Mari Ann wedi brifo A dafydd y gwas ddim yn iach Mae'r baban yn y crud yn crio A'r gath wedi scrapo Johnny bach Sospan fach yn berwi ar y tan Sospan fach yn berwi an y llawr A'r gath wedi scrapo Johnny bach

Mary-Ann has hurt her finger, And David the servant is not well. The baby in the cradle is crying, And the cat has scratched little Johnny. A little saucepan is boiling on the fire, A big saucepan is boiling on the floor, And the cat has scratched little Johnny.

Robert Owen

David Lloyd George

Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rage at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Though wise men at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night. Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. … And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Aneuran Bevan

Shirley Bassey

Cerys Matthews

Bertrand Russell

Conwy castle

Rhuddlan castle 1277

A male voice choir

Welsh society in Chicago

Hong Kong Welsh male voic echoir

The not

Plaid Cymru pamphlet 1936

1979 Referendum 1997 Referendum Percentage who voted 58.8%Percentage who voted 50.3 % Number who voted in favour 243,0 48 Number who voted in favour 559,4 19 Number who voted against 956,3 30 Number who voted against 552,6 98 Majority against59.4%Majority in favour0.6%

The Welsh assembly

 The National Assembly for Wales was created by the Government of Wales Act  Contrary to the Scottish Parliament, it only possessed the power to determine how the government budget for Wales is spent and administered. This was due to the very small majority the setting up of a Welsh assembly received in the 1997 referendum.

Its primary law-making powers were enhanced following a Yes vote in the referendum on 3 March 201, making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliament, nor the Secretary of State for Wales in the 20 areas that are devolved

The Welsh assembly since 2011 Labour 30 seats, Conservative 14 seats, Plaid Cymru 11 seats, Liberal democrats 5 seats

Welsh First Minister Carwyn Jones