Algorithm for the classification of adult-onset primary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). This classification system is based on the 2008 criteria of the World Health Organization. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; RAEB, refractory anemia with excess blasts; RARS, refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts that are equal to or greater than 15% of bone marrow erythroid precursors; RCMD, refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia; RCUD, refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia. Source: Chapter 5. Myelodysplastic Syndromes: The MD Anderson Cancer Center Approach, The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 2e Citation: Kantarjian HM, Wolff RA, Koller CA. The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 2e; 2011 Available at: http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/books/kant2/kant2_c005f003.gif&sec=39902489&BookID=379&ChapterSecID=39902026&imagename= Accessed: November 15, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved