7.3 Cell Structures and Organelles Main Idea: Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that allow for specialization and separation of functions within the cell. TB: 199

Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton semifluid material structure that supports organelles anchor cell movement transport within the cell

Centrioles groups of microtubules cell division

Nucleus manager where DNA is held (directions, blueprint) nuclear envelope has pores

Ribosomes make proteins proteins are used by the cell or moved out made of RNA and a protein made in the nucleolus proteins are used by the cell or moved out

ER protein and lipid synthesis large surface area rough – has ribosomes produce proteins for export to other cells smooth – no ribosomes complex carbs and lipids

Golgi modifies, sorts, and packages distribution center sacs called vesicles fuse with the cell membrane and released outside the cell

Vacuoles storage materials and waste products enzymes, food animals cells rarely have them and if they do, they are small

Lysosome clean up crews contain enzymes that break things down (digest) worn out cell parts food particles viruses and bacteria membrane vacuole

Chloroplasts capture light energy (from the sun) converts it to chemically energy (food – glucose) thylakoid compartments Photosynthesis Chlorophyll

Mitochondria converts fuel (food - sugar) into usable energy surface area

Cell Wall thick, rigid mesh of fibers - cellulose protection and support

Short, numerous projections that look like hairs Cilia Short, numerous projections that look like hairs Flagella 400x Longer and less than cilia Create movement with a whiplike motion 26,367x

Plant and Animal Cell Structures - Differences Plant Cell Animal Cell Plant Cell Shape Cell Wall Vacuole Chloroplast

Analogies Nucleus Golgi Mitochondrion ER Chloroplasts Ribosomes Vacuole Cytoplasm Lysosome Cell wall Cell membrane