? GAP analysIs !! Wow!!

Theory Skill Attitude

Theory Teaching materials Portions not covered by PPT Available power point presentations need modification Manual is used for rote learning only Manuals cannot be understood easily by present students without further help Word documents present only facts as given in PPT

Teaching Teaching is not exhaustive – only material in PPT are covered as lectures Lack of adequate preparation Large number of students for common lectures Teaching is not correlated with the manual used for study Topics are not categorized based on the different papers Students are not made to take appropriate notes or clarifications pertaining to the study material

One topic – one teacher concept -> one chapter one concept Lack of feedback and review of lessons Lack of peer group learning Lack of group activities Less stress on reference work Different tasks given -not proper monitoring Non-uniformity between hospitals, between departments

Patient identification Skill Patient identification Communication with the patient Pre preparation of the instrument & patient

Patient misidentification - a root cause of many errors Examining and doing investigation on a wrong patient which may be reversible. Events like operating on a wrong eye or a wrong procedure Using inappropriate dose of medication Placing a wrong powered IOL or a corneal graft which may not be reversible and can cause further intervention and is harmful to the patient. Such incidents also can happen in the pharmacy and optical shop where wrong medicine or glasses may be dispensed to the patients.

“Extensive research has shown that no matter how knowledgeable a clinician might be, if he or she is not able to open good communication with the patient, he or she may be of no help.”-Asnani MR. (2009). Patient-physician communication. WestIndian Med J, 58(4):357-61 Communication skills ensures a patient’s capacity to follow through with treatment, self-manage a chronic medical condition as advised and adopt preventive measures and follow-up. MLOP’s ability to elicit information, explain, listen and empathize can have a profound effect on patient satisfaction Patient satisfaction increases when information is explained clearly patients are encouraged to express their ideas, concerns and expectations patients are treated with respect and concern complete instructions are given side effects are explained properly at each point of interaction - on an average 15 interactions

Keeping all the required things necessary for a unit / clinic Keeping all the required things necessary for a procedure - sterile cotton wiper, handrub, accessories, sharp needles , trays, etc Following all precautions before any procedure Preparing the patient physically, emotionally and psychologically before the procedure / surgery- comfortable positioning, assurance to the patient, giving all details and side effects etc.

Following aseptic techniques Waste management Non-standardization of procedures. medicines etc.

Aseptic technique is employed to maximize and maintain asepsis, the absence of pathogenic organisms protect the patient from infection prevent the spread of pathogens During OP procedures Preoperative & post-operative care Before surgery In the theater Infected patients Waste management Managing spillage etc.

Need for waste management Injuries from sharps leading to infection Nosocomial infections in patients from poor infection control practices and poor waste management. Risk of infection outside hospital for waste handlers Risk associated with hazardous chemicals Drugs which have been disposed of, being repacked and sold off Needles and syringes which have been disposed of, being repacked and sold off

Proper labelling on the containers Display of posters in all areas Use Colour coded bins / buckets for all types of waste in all the areas of waste generation Proper labelling on the containers Monitoring proper segregation at all places Provision of green and yellow buckets for patients wherever necessary with proper labelling / indication

Attitude Empathy Compassion Integrity

Showing clinical empathy to patients can improve their satisfaction of care, motivate them to stick to their treatment plans Compassionate care, is defined as "recognizing the concerns, distress and suffering of patients and their families and taking action to relieve them. “Take care of others the way they take care of themselves “– a key behavior in people with integrity and a key behavior in successful MLOPs

Dedication is providing competent medical care, with compassion and respect Being alert is Being able to identify emergencies / complications / adverse reactions and take steps to handle them Commitment is Adhering to quality and safety measures always

Training for trainers too !!!!..... Training for whom ???? Training for trainers too !!!!.....

I yr employees -pre-evaluation - skill based classes -practice of special cases under supervision, - examining 90 patients under supervision- post evaluation Practicing on special patients and weekly presentation Weekly once - study Monthly quiz Exams Special classes eg. Esslor - and lectures I yr employees -orientation Weekly spelling tests