The First Political Parties EQ: How do governments change? Chapter 9, Lesson 3

Define Vocabulary: Ch. 9, Lesson 3 Partisan Caucus Sedition Nullify States’ rights

Ch. 9. 3: Pre-Reading Activity: Read pg Ch. 9.3: Pre-Reading Activity: Read pg. 262-264, then answer the following in complete sentences: Why was Washington’s cabinet divided? What issues did they disagree on? What are the two political parties formed by 1796? List the beliefs and ideas of the two political parties: Federalists Leaders: Washington and Hamilton Democratic Republicans(Anti-Federalists) Leaders: Jefferson and Madison 1. 2. 3.

Opposing Parties By 1796 Americans were separated into opposing groups. Economic polices Foreign relations How much power the federal government should have?

Federalists Washington “above” politics, but he was a Federalist Leaders: John Adams & Hamilton Characteristics Pro-industrial development (e.g,. Factories, businesses) Pro-British Pro-strong federal government “Loose” interpretation of Constitution

Democratic -Republicans (D-Rs) Leaders: Jefferson & Madison Characteristics Pro-agriculture Pro-revolutionary France Pro-“common” man Pro-States rights (strong state gov.) Strict interpretation of Constitution

Election of 1796 Before election, caucuses (meetings) were held. John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/politicalpartyorigins/ Before election, caucuses (meetings) were held. Adams & Jefferson chosen Adams wins with 71 electoral votes, Jefferson finished second. Constitution= Adams is President, Thomas Jefferson VP.

Project: Presidential Buttons

Bell Ringer: Summary You have 5 minutes to write a quick summary of what you learned in Ch. 9.2. Don’t forget to answer the EQ. Place index cards on your desk to be collected

John Adams Born in Mass. A lawyer VP to Washington Public Service for many years Birthplace of John Adams Young Adams

Adams: Foreign Challenge Continued neutrality—stay out of war between Britain & France However, French began attacking American ships trading with Britain Adams sent diplomats to negotiate with French French (in distance) bearing down on damaged American ship

Share-Pair: XYZ Affair & Alien and Sedition Acts Divide the events among both of you One summarizes the XYZ Affair The other summarizes the Alien and Sedition Acts (265) Teach each other the events. Write it down on your paper. XYZ Affair Alien and Sedition Acts

Adams: XYZ Affair Americans (left) facing French bribe and demands—XYZ Affair. The monster is the French gov. French foreign minister refused to see American diplomats Instead the minister sends 3 French agents They demand $250,000 bribe to let Americans see French foreign minister Americans went home instead, very upset!

Effect of XYZ Affair French agents became known as XYZ, thus the event became known as XYZ Affair. Americans were outraged! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uw0KcA59_8s Token handed out during XYZ Affair

Adams: Domestic Challenge The XYZ Affair made people become suspicious of foreigners. Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) 1. Alien Act President could deport any immigrant considered "dangerous to the safety of the USA.” 2. Sedition Act Made it a crime to publish writing against the US government Fight in Congress during debate over Sedition Act, 1798

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions D-Rs claimed Alien & Sedition Acts violated the Constitution. Should not be put into action States could nullify (overturn, not follow) federal laws that violated the constitution. Powers of the federal gov. should be limited States should have all powers not given to the Fed. Gov. = State’s rights. https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/famoushistoricalfigures/johnadams/

The Alien and Sedition Acts Complete Chart Skills (pg. 266) Write questions Answer the three questions.

Spring Review: Washington and Adams’ Presidency YOUR OWN TRIVIA Each group member chooses a word Be “creative” create a trivia card for your word Be ready to play and have the other groups try to figure out your word. WORK QUIENTLY You don’t want the other group to easily guess your word

Spring Review: Washington and Adams’ Presidency Events Group Events Whiskey Rebellion XYZ Affair Alien and Sedition Acts Represent the event, you may choose to: A dance (create an original dance) Block Picture Story (Illustrated block book) Comic Strip (Large version) Rap Song (Be creative and respectful) Skit (Act it out!)

Primary Source Activity #1: 1st Amendment The First Amendment states: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. Write and answer the 3 questions

Primary Source Activity #2: Sedition Act The Sedition Act states: That if any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause to be written, printed, uttered or published, or shall knowingly and willingly assist or aid in writing, printing, or publishing any false, scandalous and malicious writing or writings against the government of the United states, or either house of the Congress of the United States, or the President of the United States… Write and answer the 3 questions

Primary Source Activity #3: Political Cartoon Congress meeting, 1798 1. What is happening in the cartoon, and how are the politicians reacting? 2. What does the cartoon suggest about politics of the era?