Memory Encoding and Storage

Agenda Announcements Short-Term Memory: Encoding Confusion About Scales or Collecting Data? Come see me during office hours. 40+ Data Collection Short-Term Memory: Encoding Long-Term Memory: Storage

Extra Credit Opportunities Data Collection If you signed the contract, uphold your commitment. Data should be submitted by Wednesday in hardcopy or electronically. Talk Attendance Dr. Bendania Tuesday, 1-2pm, B14 R108 Should be beneficial for your project, as well.

Project Data Collection Sample Selection As random as possible. As representative as possible. How are you planning to generalize your findings? Minimize problems with convenient sampling Your close friends are probably not the best sample. Honest and Accurate Responses Avoid experimenter bias Do not over explain or “lead” your participants. Emphasize confidentiality.

Data Collection Read the scale Determine if response scale should be changed - It likely won’t need to be changed. Determine how you’ll collect data - Divide collection duties. - Minimize the problems of convenience sampling Read about the variable/scale - One Article will be provided, if available - Research variable on your own Data due: Dec 10th.

Thinking and Intelligence

The Memory Process Encoding Storage Retrieval Interpretation and initial recording Storage Information is stored in memory Retrieval Recovery of stored information

Systems of Memory Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory Fleeting, Moment-to-Moment Memory Capacity: 1-2 Seconds Short-Term Memory Consciousness, Working Memory Active Processing Capacity: ~30 seconds, ~7 “chunks” of information Long-Term Memory Information Storehouse Capacity: Effectively limitless

Let’s Remember Words

Moss Demonstrates STM Limitations Youtube link on WebCT.

Encoding Short Term Memory How do you encode? Visual Verbal Episodic Appearance and spatial information of stimuli Verbal Sounds, pronounciations, numbers, meanings Episodic Episodes, events, timing

Demonstration

Encoding >>> Storage What do we remember? What are some factors that could influence encoding? Time of initial encoding. Time of recall.

Semantic Networks We store similar information together Schemas Clusters of related information “Spreading Activation” Priming

Long-Term Memory Declarative Memory Procedural Memory Semantic Memory Information about the world (Factual information) Semantic Memory General memory (e.g. Birth dates) Episodic Memory Personal events (e.g. What happened on your birthday) Procedural Memory Skills and habits (How to information)

Anterograde Amnesia Meet Clive: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmzU47i2xgw &feature=related

Explicit and Implicit Memory Explicit Memory Intentional or conscious memory E.g. Studying for an exam. Implicit Memory Memories of which you are not consciously aware E.g. Subtle feelings, learned responses