Chapter 6: An-Najah National University Anatomy and Physiology 1

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Chapter 6: An-Najah National University Anatomy and Physiology 1 Faculty of Medicine Department of Physiology Anatomy and Physiology 1 7102101 Instructor: Heba Salah Chapter 6: The DigestiveSystem Part 5: Digestive Activities in the Mouth, Pharynx, and Stomach

Activities of the Mouth Pharynx and Esophagus

Digestive Activities of the Mouth Mechanical breakdown Food is physically broken down by chewing Chemical digestion Food is mixed with saliva Breaking of starch into maltose by salivary amylase

Activities of the Pharynx and Esophagus These organs have no digestive function Serve as passageways to the stomach

Deglutition (Swallowing) Buccal phase: Occurs in the mouth Food is formed into a bolus Pharyngeal-esophageal phase: Involuntary transport of the bolus All passageways except to the stomach are blocked

Deglutition (Swallowing)

Food Breakdown in the Stomach Gastric juice is regulated by neural and hormonal factors Presence of food or falling pH causes the release of gastrin Gastrin causes stomach glands to produce protein-digesting enzymes Hydrocholoric acid makes the stomach contents very acidic

Propulsion in the Stomach Food must first be well mixed Rippling peristalsis occurs in the lower stomach

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