Key concepts and approaches in the Social Sciences

DOMINANT APPROACHES AND IDEAS Structural-Functionalism Marxism Symbolic Interactionism Psychoanalysis

Structural functionalism or in many contexts simply functionalism, is a broad perspective in sociology and anthropology which sets out to interpret society as a structure with interrelated parts. Functionalism addresses society as a whole in terms of the function of its constituent elements; namely norms, customs, traditions and institutions

Structural functionalism A common analogy, popularized by Herbert Spencer, presents these parts of society as "organs" that work toward the proper functioning of the "body" as a whole.