TRICHOPTERA (caddisflies).

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Presentation transcript:

TRICHOPTERA (caddisflies)

Hexapoda Insecta Pterygota Neoptera Holometabola 500 400 300 200 100 0 500 400 300 200 100 0 Silurian Devonian Carboniferous Permian Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous Entognatha Archaeognatha Hexapoda Zygentoma Ephemeroptera Insecta Odonata Plecoptera Embiodea Pterygota Zoraptera Dermaptera Grylloblattodea ? Mantophasmatodea Orthoptera Phasmatodea Blattaria Isoptera Mantodea Neoptera Psocoptera Phthiraptera Thysanoptera Hemiptera Coleoptera Rhaphidioptera Megaloptera Neuroptera Hymenoptera Holometabola Mecoptera Siphonaptera Diptera Strepsiptera Trichoptera Lepidoptera

Hexapod Orders Trichoptera Tricho - hair, ptera - wing Number of Species 11,500 Common names caddisflies Typical habitats Larvae - aquatic, adults - aerial Distinguishing characteristics -wings with hairs Most larvae build cases Other features

Trichoptera adults

Trichoptera - Adults Haustellum - fused hypopharynx & labium

Trichoptera - Adults

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 1. Retreat makers (net spinners) 2. Free living 3. Saddle case makers 4. Purse case makers 5. Tube case makers

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 1. Retreat makers (net spinners) Hydropsychidae

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 1. Retreat makers (net spinners) Hydropsychidae

Hydropsychidae – Sound production Scraper File

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 2. Free living Rhyacophilidae

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 3. Saddle case makers

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 4. Purse case makers Hydroptilidae

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 5. Tube case makers

Trichoptera Ecological Division of Larval Types 5. Tube case makers

All larvae are apneustic Respiratory adaptations All larvae are apneustic (no open spiracles)

Trichoptera - Phylogeny Net spinners Free living Tortoise case makers Purse case makers Tube case makers

Respiratory adaptations Abdominal Gills

Evoutionary change in Trichoptera Evolved in cool streams Move to lentic water Cool streams Warm streams Lentic water Temporary ponds (100% of families) (95% of families) (50% of families) (17% of families) O2 Stress

Habitat Differentiation Limnephilidae Leptoceridae Rhyacophilidae Hydropsychidae